Macrophages play an important role in asthma pathogenesis both in the inflammatory and resolution phase of the disease. Macrophages can acquire different polarisation states dependent on their microenvironment. It is yet unclear through which mechanism the microenvironment affects the anti-viral response in macrophages. We hypothesized that the macrophage microenvironment regulates rhinovirus-indu

Questionnaire prepared for the DEMOS Project on the constitutional and legal issues of populism in the European Union Member States

Heritage buildings are usually culturally protected as well as naturally ventilated. As such, it is difficult to control the airflow, which depends on the temperature outdoors as well as the wind. This causes issues with the thermal comfort and the indoor air quality. In this study, status determinations were conducted for 12 heritage buildings with offices, across Sweden. Field measurements on te

Examination of ester-linked phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) have provided a means to characterize the community structure of microbial assemblies. Attempts to analyze such acids at low picomolar levels in environmental samples by gas chromatography and chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS) using positive or negative ion detection, showed that the limit of detection (LOD) was mainly dependen

In Salix myrsinifolia-phylicifolia, males and females produced approximately the same number of catkins per individual, but males produced more flowers per catkin. Females had a higher concentration of sugars in the nectar than males, but the standing crop of nectar did not differ between sexes. Females had a hexoserich nectar, males a sucrose-dominated nectar. Bumblebees discriminated between mal

Saturated, monoenoic and β-hydroxysubstituted fatty acids, 13C-labelled at the carboxyl group, were prepared from natural or synthetic unlabelled analogues. The synthetic route involves decarboxylation of the unlabelled fatty acid to the next lower iodide, displacement of iodide for [13C]cyanide and hydrolysis. The fatty acids were converted to their pentafluorobenzyl esters and analysed by select

Room temperature esterification with the electron capturing pentafluorobenzyl bromide in glass capillaries, with analysis by capillary gas-liquid chromatography coupled with chemical ionization mass spectrometry and negative ion detection in the selected ion mode, allowed detection and identification of fatty acids from microbial biofilms at the femtomolar level. This sensitivity was achieved wit

Gas chromatographic analyses of muramic acid, diaminopimelic acid and D-alaline, which are specific components of the bacterial cell wall, have been performed using electron capture or selected ion monitoring detection. Intact cells or peptidogylycan preparations were hydrolyzed in HCl and DCl. After purification by cation exchange chromatography, followed by conversion to the N-heptafluobutyrliso

In addition to Malmö having the most reported crimes in relation to its population, it is also one of the cities in the country with the highest percentage of gun-related violence. Our earlier studies show that people who commit serious crimes such as homicide or attempted homicide in Malmö are primarily single, have no psychiatric diagnosis and mainly use knives or other sharp weapons to commit t

Lignin is one of the major constituents in lignocellulosic biomass and is the mostabundant source of renewable aromatics on terrestrial ecosystems. The workcarried out in this thesis concerns bacterial conversion of low molecular weightlignin. This thesis is divided into three major sections, with an initial emphasison screening and characterization of selected bacterial species on lignin modelcom

Klotho is a protein of significant importance for mineral homeostasis. It helps to increase parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion and in the trafficking of Na+/K+-ATPase to the cell membrane; however, it is also a cofactor for fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 to interact with its receptor, FGFR1 IIIC, resulting in decreased PTH secretion. Studies on the regulation of parathyroid klotho expression i

We improve iterative decoding of the moderate density parity-check codes, recently suggested as code candidates in the McEliece public key cryptosystem. In case of bit-flipping (BF) decoder failure, the code parity-check matrix is extended by adding auxiliary variable nodes based on reliability information from the BF decoder. Then iterative decoding is applied to the extended parity-check matrix.

Inland waters transport, transform and retain significant amounts of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) that may be biologically reactive (bioreactive) and thus potentially degraded into atmospheric CO2. Despite its global importance, relatively little is known about environmental controls on bioreactivity of DOC as it moves through river systems with varying water residence time (WRT). Here we determ

Methods for SNP-based phenotype prediction have recently been developed, but prediction accuracy data for several populations and regions are missing. We analysed the accuracy of hair and eye colour predictions for 111 individuals residing in Sweden, using the ForenSeq system and the MiSeq FGx instrument (Verogen). Observed colours were compared to predicted colours, using the colour with the high

Purpose: To describe a new form of childhood-onset rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in autosomal recessive high myopia associated with mutations in LRPAP1. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Participants: A total of 12 children (24 eyes) with recessive LRPAP1 mutations and associated high myopia. Methods: Serial ophthalmological examination and retinal imaging during 4.6±1.9 (mean ± standa

This article describes the Swedish kidney exchange program (STEP) and the first donations and transplantations that were performed in October 2018. A total of six parallel surgical procedures resulted in three kidney donations and three kidney transplantations. Two months after the operations, all recipients had good and stable kidney function and all donors had recovered. We argue that four speci

The complex multi-criteria optimisation problems arising in Kidney Exchange Programmes have received considerable attention both in practice and in the scientific literature. Whereas theoretical advancements are well reviewed and synthesised, this is not the case for practice. We present a synthesis of models and methods applied in present European Kidney Exchange Programmes, which is based on det