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Sulfonated Dopant-Free Hole-Transport Material Promotes Interfacial Charge Transfer Dynamics for Highly Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
The integration of a functional group into dopant-free hole-transport materials (HTMs) to modify the perovskite|HTM interface has become a promising strategy for high-performance and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, a sulfonated phenothiazine-based HTM is reported, namely TAS, which consists of a butterfly structure with a readily synthesized N,N-bis[4-(methylthio)phenyl]an
Primary photocatalytic water reduction and oxidation at an anatase TiO2 and Pt-TiO2 nanocrystalline electrode revealed by quantitative transient absorption studies
Quantitative assessments of electron and hole transfer dynamics with water on anatase nanocrystalline TiO2 films were conducted by employing a series of transient absorption spectrometers. For water reduction reactions, both conduction band and trapped electrons decay with two different single exponential components with the difference in time scale of 6∼7 orders of magnitudes. The faster reaction
Excitation wavelength dependent interfacial charge transfer dynamics in a CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite film
Elucidation of interfacial charge separation and recombination mechanisms is crucial to improve performance of organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite solar cells. Here, we have investigated influence of initially populated electron and hole potential levels in a perovskite conduction band (CB) and valence band (VB), respectively, by altering an excitation wavelength on interfacial charge separa
Det allmänna som avtalspart : Särskilt avseende kommuns kompetens att ingå avtal samt avtalens rättsverkningar
This thesis deals with local government bodies, especially municipalities, as parties to contracts. It primarily focuses on general problems relating to the competence of a municipality to enter into contracts, and the subsequent legal effects, in light ofthe principles and rules ofpublic and private law. When analysing a contract to which a governmental body is a party, it is necessary to conside
Building innovation ability in Nordic organizations : how to develop organizations’ ability to innovate
In the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic, several development activities were undertaken in a Swedish and a Danish organization. The research project focused on how the organizations’ innovation ability was affected by a developed Nordic inspired learning model. It was found that the tested organizational learning model holds great promise for the improvement of organizations capability to innovate,
High performance slit-less spectrometer for soft x-ray emission spectroscopy
We have designed and constructed a new flat-field-type slit-less soft x-ray emission spectrometer that enables high detection efficiency and high energy resolution in the energy range of 250-1000 eV. The energy resolution is optimized in the C 1s and O 1s regions, where the maximum energy resolution of 2500 (E/ΔE) is expected using a focused beam whose spot size is 5 μm full width at half maximum
Brinner du för metaforer? : studie av metaforer i arbetsplatsannonser
Programming and Visualisation Techniques in Finite Element Software
Response to Nordström C-H, "Rapid Selective Brain Cooling With PolarCap®- A Commercial Delusion?" (DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0456)
Let’s Talk about Sex...uality, Consent and Relationships: Teachers’ Views on and Approaches towards Teaching Sexuality, Consent and Relationships in the English Classroom
In recent years, it has been reported that sex education in Swedish schools has been lacking, and, thus, in 2022, new guidelines for sex education were implemented (sexuality consent and relationships, SCaR). This change meant that sex education is part of all curricula and that the responsibility to teach it rests on teachers of all subjects. With the theory of language as reproducing and changin
Variation in Temperature Dependences across Europe Reveals the Climate Sensitivity of Soil Microbial Decomposers
Temperature is a major determinant of biological process rates, and microorganisms are key regulators of ecosystem carbon (C) dynamics. Temperature controls microbial rates of decomposition, and thus warming can stimulate C loss, creating positive feedback to climate change. If trait distributions that define temperature relationships of microbial communities can adapt to altered temperatures, the
A Masked Language Model for Multi-Source EHR Trajectories Contextual Representation Learning
Using electronic health records data and machine learning to guide future decisions needs to address challenges, including 1) long/short-term dependencies and 2) interactions between diseases and interventions. Bidirectional transformers have effectively addressed the first challenge. Here we tackled the latter challenge by masking one source (e.g., ICD10 codes) and training the transformer to pre
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Assessment of stormwater pollution transport to swedish coastal waters
Studies dealing with stormwater pollution transport on a local scale have been carried out in Sweden since the middle of the 1970s. 1-7 However, so far no investigation has aimed at determining the importance of stormwater pollution on a larger scale, involving a region or a part of the country. Such studies would provide the necessary background information for (1) developing a regional (nationwi
Trendig och miljömedveten?
The clothing industry is today linked to several sustainability challenges. Fast fashion is a reason for today's overconsumption, which with new technology, fast production times, and cheap materials has contributed to clothes being constantly consumed and replaced. At the same time, there is an increased awareness regarding sustainability issues and sustainable fashion. The aim of this bachel
Sequence enrichment profiles enable target-agnostic antibody generation for a broad range of antigens
Phenotypic drug discovery (PDD) enables the target-agnostic generation of therapeutic drugs with novel mechanisms of action. However, realizing its full potential for biologics discovery requires new technologies to produce antibodies to all, a priori unknown, disease-associated biomolecules. We present a methodology that helps achieve this by integrating computational modeling, differential antib
Understanding the evolution of immune genes in jawed vertebrates
Driven by co-evolution with pathogens, host immunity continuously adapts to optimize defence against pathogens within a given environment. Recent advances in genetics, genomics and transcriptomics have enabled a more detailed investigation into how immunogenetic variation shapes the diversity of immune responses seen across domestic and wild animal species. However, a deeper understanding of the d
Robust and Accurate Cylinder Triangulation
In this paper we present methods for triangulation of infinite cylinders from image line silhouettes. We show numerically that linear estimation of a general quadric surface is inherently a badly posed problem. Instead we propose to constrain the conic section to a circle, and give algebraic constraints on the dual conic, that models this manifold. Using these constraints we derive a fast minimal
Learned fear to social out-group members are determined by ethnicity and prior exposure
Humans, like other animals, have a tendency to preferentially learn and retain some associations more readily than others. In humans, preferential learning was originally demonstrated for certain evolutionary prepared stimuli, such as snakes and angry faces and later extended to human social out-groups based on race (Olsson et al., 2005). To address the generality of this social learning bias, we