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This paper investigates the acquisition of rhetorical questions (RhQs) inmonolingual children acquiring Italian, comparing the comprehension andproduction of RhQs based on their optional lexical, morphosyntactic, andprosodic cues. We show that 6-to-9-year-old children are in the process ofacquiring the use of optional lexical and morphosyntactic markers in produc-tion (e.g. discourse particles, in

BACKGROUND: The impact of the environmentally sustainable EAT-Lancet diet on dementia risk remains poorly understood. The aim was to investigate associations between the EAT-Lancet diet and incident dementia.METHODS: Associations of the EAT-Lancet diet with all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) were investigated among 25,898 participants from the Malmö Diet and

For researchers studying wildlife distributions of the past, the assignment of faunal depictions and remains to species can often present considerable challenges. Regrettably, many studies do not systematically consider all options and sources of evidence and, as a result, questionable identifications are widespread in the literature, which compromises the trustworthiness of meta-analyses of human

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Ventricular-arterial coupling (VAC) plays a crucial role in cardiovascular physiology, affecting cardiac function and arterial properties for optimal organ perfusion. Considering that diabetes mellitus (DM) is a known risk factor for incident heart disease and vascular damage, this study aims to investigate whether changes in VAC due to DM occur earlier, even before the onset of c

Impact craters are among the most pervasive geological features on solid bodies throughout the inner Solar System. The heavily cratered surface of the Moon offers a stark visual record of the Solar System’s early history of intense bombardment, a record largely absents from Earth’s dynamic surface. Despite having experienced a comparable flux of impact events over deep time, Earth's geological pro

This dissertation utilizes a new dataset on the belongings of early modern households, gathered from southern Sweden, to map the development of wealth and material living standards over the course of the early modern period. Together, the four papers making up the main part of the dissertation depicts a significantly more economically dynamic early modern period – especially eighteenth century – tThis dissertation utilizes a new dataset on the belongings of early modern households, gathered from southern Sweden, to map the development of wealth and material living standards over the course of the early modern period. Together, the four papers making up the main part of the dissertation depicts a significantly more economically dynamic early modern period – especially eighteenth century – t

Oxygen-defective metal oxides like cerium oxides exhibit giant electrostriction and field-induced piezoelectricity due to a dynamic electrosteric interplay between oxygen defects, V O ⋅ ⋅ , and the fluorite lattice. While such mechanisms are generally attributed to oxygen vacancies, recent results also highlight that trapped cationic defects, Ce Ce ′ , i.e. small polarons, can contribute to the el

The Giardia lamblia virus (GLV) is a non-enveloped icosahedral dsRNA and endosymbiont virus that infects the zoonotic protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis (syn. G. lamblia, G. intestinalis), which is a pathogen of mammals, including humans. Elucidating the transmission mechanism of GLV is crucial for gaining an in-depth understanding of the virulence of the virus in G. duodenalis. GLV belongs to

Forskningen är ännu i sin linda, men i studie efter studie visar sig hallucinogena substanser kunna lindra depression, beroende och trauma. Ämnen som psilocybin och DMT, vilka förekommer naturligt i vissa svampar och plantor, ser ut att kunna bidra till nya genombrott i hjärnforskningen såväl som till ökat välmående för individen. Samtidigt är lagstiftningen lika hård som mot högst skadliga och be

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to analyze changes in serum markers of bone turnover across multiple decades in osteoporotic women compared with nonosteoporotic controls, to determine their utility as potential predictors for osteoporosis. Early prediction of those at risk for osteoporosis can enable early intervention before the irreversible loss of critical bone mass.METHODS: Serum samp

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of bone mineral density (BMD) abnormalities involves dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), but few patients complete this after a fragility fracture. The assessment of BMD using Hounsfield unit (HU) measurements from computed tomography (CT) scans has been correlated with DXA results in previous studies. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between shoulder CT HU and DX

OBJECTIVES: To correlate femoral neck Hounsfield units (HUs) measured on a computed tomography (CT) scan to dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) T-scores allowing evaluation of bone mineral density (BMD) over time after lower extremity trauma-related amputation.DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.SETTING: United States military trauma referral center.PATIENTS: Military combat-related lower extre

UNLABELLED: Colon cancer screening occurs at younger ages than osteoporosis screening. Bone density measurements using virtual colonoscopy performed for colon cancer screening can provide an early warning sign of patients at potential risk for osteoporosis-related fractures. Earlier identification may improve treatment and potentially fracture prevention.INTRODUCTION: Opportunistic osteoporosis sc

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cohort.OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study to determine the correlation between Hounsfield unit (HU) measurements from the C4 vertebral body and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) T-score.SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Recent attention has turned to the utilization of HU measurements from computed tomography (CT) as a potential screening method for low bone minera

OBJECTIVE: One of leptin's main targets in the hypothalamus are neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons, with selective deletion of leptin receptors (Lepr) specifically in Npy neurons resulting in major alterations of energy partitioning between fat and bone mass. However, the specific action of these Npy+/Lepr+ neurons compared to Npy-negative Lepr (Npy-/Lepr+) neurons in regard to energy homeostasis regula