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Popular Abstract in Swedish Ämnet för den här avhandlingen är tillverkning och studier av elektroniska komponenter tillverkade av mycket små tråd- och punktformade byggmateriel. Diametern hos en sådan tråd kan vara så liten som 1 nanometer, vilket motsvarar en miljondels millimeter. När komponenter krymps till de här ytterst små dimensionerna uppstår nya fenomen, och parametrar som kan tyckas varaThis thesis describes novel methods for the fabrication of nanometer-scale electronic devices, such as single-electron transistors and resonant tunneling diodes, from wire- and dot-shaped building blocks. The first part of the thesis describes the manipulation of metal nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes using an atomic force microscope. Single-electron transistors were realized by moving nanotubes

Popular Abstract in Swedish Fotosyntetiska membraner utsätts för stress vid höga ljusintensiteter och skador kan lätt uppstå. En av de viktigaste skyddande substanserna i växter är karotenoiden zeaxantin. Zeaxantin bildas från violaxantin i xantofyllcykeln och bildningen katalyseras av enzymet violaxantin de-epoxidas (VDE). I aktiv form är enzymet bundet till det fotosyntetiska membranet (tylakoidThe xanthophyll cycle involves the light-dependent and reversible conversion of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin. The enzyme, violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) catalyses the conversion of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin, via the intermediate antheraxanthin. VDE is a membrane-hosted enzyme during its activity. Low lumenal pH, violaxanthin, ascorbate and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol are required for activity. Th

During software project risk management, a number of decisions are taken based on discussions and subjective opinions about the importance of identified risks. In this paper, different people's opinions about the importance of identified risks are investigated in a controlled experiment through the use of utility functions. Engineering students participated as subjects in the experiment. Differenc

The present study is centered on mechanisms of ischemic brain damage in hyperglycemic animals, and in those in which exaggerated intraischemic acidosis was induced by superimposed hypercapnia in normoglycemic animals. The initial experiments were focussed on the pathophysiology of postischemic seizures. Since hyperglycemic animals developed delayed postischemic hyperthermia, the question arose whe

One of the causes of the great survival capability of some biological systems is the fact that they are systems of individuals such that the system behavior does not critically depend on anyone individual. Such systems can be regarded as redundant systems with different kinds and levels of redundancy. For example, although each specimen of a biological society has a limited life span, the whole so

This paper presents an independent evaluation of the Irish Fiscal Advisory Council (IFAC) carried out in 2015. IFAC was set up as an independent fiscal institution in 2011 to monitor the fiscal policy of the Irish government. Similar fiscal “watchdogs” have emerged across Europe following the crisis in the euro area. This report presents conclusions and recommendations concerning the performance o

Today, most studies of genetic variation utilise molecular markers, making it possible to detect variation at the DNA level. This has greatly facilitated studies of genetic variation in population and evolutionary genetics, systematics and transmission genetics. By studying the inheritance of molecular markers in crosses, it is possible to map the markers, i.e. to determine their genomic positions

The research within the Product-Service Systems (PSS) field aims to support manufacturing industries’ ability to provide value in terms of a service offer to its customers, simultaneously taking a more holistic approach to eco-sustainability. The industrial idea of providing customer benefits in parallel with robust products is not new, yet equipping engineers to conduct innovation and applying a