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The contribution of civil society to quality of government is important to evaluate. Civil society is often touted as means to enhance quality of government and parallel to this idea the sector grown has substantially over time. Does civil society actually contribute to quality of government, and does civil society involved in expressive- or service functions differ in this regard? This is a quant

This essay examines if and how output-based aid (OBA) in the urban water sector contributes to long-term and pro-poor development. OBA is a results-based method where contractual agreements stipulate subsidy payments on delivery of outputs, rather than subsidies towards project inputs. To study the characteristics and effects of OBA, the essay adopts a New Institutional Economics perspective, and

The purpose of this thesis was to exemplify how a Credo (i.e. code of conduct) is used in order to exercise normative control. This was done through the development of a theoretical model describing how normative control is practiced in reality. The thesis is a qualitative study of the normative control at Johnson & Johnson. Based on theories of previous researchers we constructed a model sugg

In the Swedish winter snow removal and de-icing is an important part of the operations and maintenance work on Sweden´s roads. They are short term but necessary measures for accessibility and safety during the winter months. The snow plows used are one in front, one on the right side of the vehicle and sometimes one under the vehicle. On highways and 2+1-ways a wider side plow is used to make a mo

Domestic work is one of the oldest and most important occupations for many women in many countries. However, it is one of the occupations that are still undervalued and neglected. It is often regarded as unskilled because most women have traditionally been considered capable of doing the work. When paid, the work remains undervalued and poorly regulated. These days, it is also a global phenomenon

Sammanfattning In the discussion on the relations between human rights and intellectual property a myriad of human rights are brought up, both directly and remotely connected to IP, but the right to cultural participation, which seems so relevant is, however, mentioned very rarely and even then - only superficially. The present paper is aimed at giving this neglected right a proper attention with

Skadliga marina arter invaderar idag främmande habitat och ekosystem med en extrem hastighet. Dessa arter har haft en mycket stor negativ inverkan på många sårbara ekosystem runt om i världen och barlastvatten har identifierats som en av de största faktorerna bakom den snabba spridningen. Idag är den vanligaste åtgärden för att lösa problemet att byta barlastvatten ute till havs för att göra sig aHarmful aquatic species are today invading foreign habitats at an unprecedented pace. They have had a large negative impact on many fragile ecosystems of the world and ballast water has been identified as one the major culprits behind their fast spread. Today, the most common remedy used to combat the problem is exchanging ballast water in the open ocean to get rid of any organisms with the potent

If human rights are to be enjoyed by every person regardless of origin or nationality; if human rights are the rights of the human being under any circumstances, then the best way to gauge the quality and depth of our systems of protection of human rights will be to examine the extent to which these are enjoyed by their most genuine recipients: those deprived of wealth and citizenship, a home and

The condemnation of the specialized procedures of the faulty military commission system, particularly ex parte and in camera hearings to determine the closure of confidential information, has resulted in the contention that terror cases may be properly adjudicated in regularly constituted Article III courts. Proponents of prosecution of terror suspects in federal civilian courts assert that the co

Våldtäkt kränker internationella mänskliga rättigheter; detta fastslår globala och regionala MR-mekanismer tydligt. Stater har en skyldighet att utreda, åtala och straffa våldtäktsfall. Men när det gäller att definiera vad våldtäkt är, vilka gärningar stater är förpliktigade att beivra, erbjuder de internationella mekanismerna knapp vägledning. Den europeiska domstolen för mänskliga rättigheter tiRape violates international human rights law; global and regional human rights mechanisms clearly establish this. There is an obligation on states to investigate, prosecute and punish instances of rape. When it comes to defining what rape is, which acts states are obliged to prosecute the international mechanisms provide little guidance though. The European Court of Human Rights provides the most

Environmental sustainability is becoming increasingly important – especially for businesses who accounts for 50% of all energy consumption in the world. This thesis examines how companies consider environmental issues and seeks to explain why they take this specific approach. Qualitative case studies of three Danish companies have been applied to outline the companies’ environmental focus and how

1997 infördes en reform som innebar ändrade regler för bostadsbidrag. Reformen påverkade främst hushåll med två vuxna och barn. En nyhet i reformen var de individualiserade inkomstgränserna som gjorde att varje vuxen i familjen kunde tjäna upp till ett tak, 58 500 kronor per år, utan att familjen förlorar bostadsbidrag. Regelförändringen gjorde att en grupp personer med mycket låga inkomster, unde

Klimatförändringar har de senaste decennierna varit ett hett debatterat ämne. De flesta forskare är idag överens om att medeltemperaturen kommer att stiga och att medelnederbörden kommer att variera i större uträckningen till följd av bl.a. koldioxidutsläpp. Vi har i vår uppsats utgått från tidigare forskning och gjort en sammanställning hur Afrikas jordbruk påverkas av klimatförändringar. Utifrån

Sedan miljöbalken trädde i kraft den 1 januari 1999 har ett antal rättsfall kommit vilka behandlar verksamhetsutövares ansvar för föroreningar som har skett före det datum då miljöskyddslagen trädde i kraft den 1 juli 1969. I 8§ i lagen om införande av miljöbalken är frågan om under vilka förutsättningar en verksamhetsutövare är ansvarig för gamla föroreningar tydlig; utövaren är ansvarig om den mThe Environmental Code (Miljöbalken) came into force 1 January 1999. Since then, there have been several legal cases that concern the operator’s liability for contaminated land. Some of these cases concern pollution that have occurred before 1 July 1969, when the Environmental Law (Miljöskyddslagen) came into force. The Environmental Code and the Promulgation Law sets out clear conditions of lia

Att med en fallstudie av Dem Collective undersöka, hur ett litet företag i den svenska mode- och konfektionsbranschen arbetar med CSR-aktiviteter samt hur dessa integreras i den operativa verksamhet.

During the past years Enterprise 2.0 has become widely spread among organization. However is there not enough awareness in the organizations concerning the necessary organizational changes which companies need to address when planning for the shift to Enterprise 2.0. In this study we aim to indentify solutions for success which affect if an Enterprise 2.0 implementation will succeed or not and how

This paper concerns Sec. 23 the Codetermination at Work Act, and the necessary conditions for when a collective agreement is considered to exist and the relevance of contract of law when it is applied. The idea is to point at areas within contract of law that becomes particularly important at the application. The paper begins with a chapter that, in short terms, describes the background within co

Avsikten med denna uppsats har varit att undersöka några författares marknadsföring och analysera hur bilden av dem i media uppfattas utifrån ett marknadsföringsperspektiv. Genom deras olika författarroller placeras de i mediala forum där de framställs enligt den förutbestämda och förväntade rollen. Marknadsföring i media bidrar till att en offentlig person skapas, vilket ofta grundar sig i ett ko

Kinas ekonomiska aktiviteter på den globala marknaden har fått stor uppmärksamhet runt om i världen de senaste åren och inte minst deras aktioner i Afrika. Angola är ett av de länderna som stått i centrum för ett av dessa omfattande samarbeteten där Kina har kunnat erbjuda förmånliga lån i utbyte mot olja. I denna uppsatts undersöker vi hur den kinesiska investeringskulturen påverkar Angolas ekono

This master's dissertation describes a study that relates to persons with visual impairments, and wayfinding using a smartphone with touchscreen. The study consists of the development of a prototype and an evaluation of its usability while interacting with haptic and auditive feedback. The prototype was developed for the Android platform. It provides a way of scanning for points of interest wh