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Popular Abstract in Swedish När främmande fettlösliga ämnen som miljögifter (ex. PCB och dioxin) hamnar inuti kroppen bearbetas de ofta av det så kallade biotransformations-systemet. När inte levern och njurarna direkt kan utsöndra de främmande molekylerna får enzymer ändra de oönskade ämnenas kemiska sammansättning. Detta görs genom att ändra molekylernas kemiska egenskaper så att de blir vattenlIn vertebrates, studies of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) have been of particular interest due to its direct involvement in the toxic effects exerted by several environmental pollutants, such as PCB and dioxin. After binding to the toxic molecule, this receptor initiates transcription of several genes that are part of the biotransformation battery but most notably the cytochrome P450 (CYP) ge

Popular Abstract in Swedish Bakgrunnen for den foreliggende avhandling er et ønske om å utnytte moderne tredimensjonell bildeanalyse for å forbedre undersøkelse og tolkning av synsnervehodets (papillens) form og størrelse (topografi). Synsnervehodet representerer den delen av synsnerven som trer inn i bakre del av øyet gjennom senehinnen (sklera). Den normale synsnerve har ca 1.2 millioner nervetrEvaluation of the optic nerve head topography is one of the most important methods to diagnose and monitor patients with glaucoma. Until recently, optic nerve head topography has most often been judged by either ophthalmoscopy or from optic disc photographs. These methods are subjective and examiners do not have access to absolute measurements of the optic disc size and cup depth. The result of su

There is increasing evidence that fermentation in the large intestine is important for health, and that health-promoting effects are mediated by fermentation products such as butyric and propionic acid. As the formation of carboxylic acids (CAs) from various carbohydrates reaching the colon has been shown to vary, it is of great interest to identify food factors that could be of importance to this

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The predominant forms of arsenic (As) in anoxic and oxic environments are As(III) and As(V), respectively, and the fate of these forms is influenced by interactions with mineral surfaces and organic matter (OM). Interactions between As(V) and OM are believed to occur mainly via iron(Fe)-bridges in ternary Fe-arsenate complexes, but direct evidence for these interactions are scarce. Furthermore, si

Unprecedented global challenges demand wide-reaching societal modification to ensure life support functions and human well-being. In the absence of adequate international responses to climate change and the need for place-based adaptation, local governments have a pivotal role in fostering sustainability transitions. In this context, the importance of ecosystem-based adaptation is increasingly rec

This article discusses the relation between knowing, learning and teaching in relation to early Palaeolithic technologies. We begin by distinguishing between three kinds of knowledge: knowing how, knowing what and knowing that. We discuss the relation between these types of knowledge and different forms of learning and long-term memory systems. On the basis of this analysis, we present three types

On the basis of data from Swedish, this paper examines the Small Clause Hypothesis (Kush & Lindahl 2011, Kush, Omaki & Hornstein 2013) proposed to account for relative clause (RC) extractions in Mainland Scandinavian. The hypothesis predicts that extraction possibilities differ for relative clauses in the complement of verbs which select and verbs which do not select a small clause (SC), a

This article examines evidence for violence as reflected in skull injuries in 378 individuals from Neolithic Denmark and Sweden (3,9001,700 BC). It is the first large-scale crossregional study of skull trauma in southern Scandinavia, documenting skeletal evidence of violence at a population level. We also investigate the widely assumed hypothesis that Neolithic violence is male-dominated and resul

The core of evidence-based practice (EBP) as advocated for within the practice arms of the health and social sciences is to promote the routine incorporation of the best available research evidence into practice efforts. This requires discipline-specific education that is not only grounded in professional practice but also prepares would-be scientists in the application of the sophisticated techni

BACKGROUND: The International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (IOI-HA) is a seven-item hearing-specific questionnaire. It was developed with the purpose of evaluating the efficacy of hearing aid rehabilitation. Few psychometric properties have been presented for a Swedish translation of the IOI-HA. Furthermore, previous studies have examined the IOI-HA in mainly sensorineural hearing losses, an

Nutrients and other bioactive constituents of foods may interact with each other and the surrounding food matrix in complex ways. Therefore, associations between single nutrients and chronic disease may be difficult to identify and interpret, but when dietary patterns (DPs) are examined the combination of many food factors will be considered. An explorative literature search of published review ar

The production of fermented milk products has increased worldwide during the last decade and is expected to continue to increase during the coming decade. The quality of these products may be optimized through breeding practices; however, the relations between cow genetics and technological properties of acid milk gels are not fully known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify chromosom