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Measurements of optical properties of pig brain tissue in vitro using a novel compact device
In numerous medical and scientific fields, knowledge of the optical properties of tissues can be applied. Among many different ways of determining the optical properties of turbid media; integrating sphere measurements are widely used. However, this technique is associated with bulky equipment, complicated measuring techniques, interference compensation techniques, and inconvenient sample handling
Production of recombinant human alpha(1)-microglobulin and mutant forms involved in chromophore formation
alpha-Microglobulin, a 26 kDa lipocalin present in plasma and tissues, carries a set of unknown chromophores, bound to C34, K92, KI 18 and KI 30, which cause its charge and size heterogeneity. In man, the protein is found in two forms, full length and lacking the C-terminal tetrapeptide LIPR (t-alpha(1)-microglobulin), both which are heme-binding and the latter with heme-degrading properties. We r
A porcine model for sequential assessments of cerebral haemodynamics and metabolism
We present a physiologically stable porcine model designed for sequential assessments of pharmacological effects on mean hemispheric cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2) at sustained normocapnia. The dynamic influence of continuously administered fentanyl (0.040 mg.kg-1.h-1 i.v.), nitrous oxide (70%) and pancuronium (0.30 mg.kg-1.h-1 i.v.) on these variables was
Paediatric day care surgery increased parental participation reduces costs
In this paper, the marginal or incremental consequences of increased parental participation in a day-care surgery unit are analysed. Information about the parental role and instruction concer treatment caused parents to assume a greater share of their child's postoperative care. This advantages for the involved participants. Children and their parents spent a shorter time at the attributable to nu
Shift catalysts in biomass generated synthesis gas
One of the CHRISGAS project objectives is to study the shift catalysts in biomass-generated synthesis gas. The water gas shift reaction is ruled by equilibrium, and the state of the gas can for a given H2/CO ratio be shifted by addition/removal of water, CO2 and/or by a change in the temperature. Stability area in respect to gas composition, sulphur content, pressure and temperature for FeCr shift
Role of gamma/delta T cell receptor-expressing lymphocytes in cutaneous infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
The high number of /-expressing T cells found in the epithelial lining layer suggests that they form a first line of defence against invading pathogens. To evaluate the role of / T cell-receptor (TCR)-expressing cells in cutaneous infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus, mice lacking /-expressing T cells (TCR/) were inoculated intradermally with S. aureus, and compared with S. aureus-infected co
Increase of bioavailable testosterone is associated with gain in bone mineral density after cure of primary hyperparathyroidism in postmenopausal women
Objective The recovery of bone mineral density (BMD) after surgical cure of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) seems to be multifactorial and not just dependent on declining PTH. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of sex steroids in this context. Design and patients Thirty-six postmenopausal women with PHPT were examined before and 1 year after curative parathyroidectomy. Their
Occurrence, conformational features and amino acid propensities for the pi-helix.
The most abundant helix type in proteins is the alpha-helix, accounting for about 31% of amino acid secondary structure states, while the 3(10)-helix accounts for about 4%. The pi-helix appears to be extremely rare and is considered to be unstable. Existing secondary structure definition methods find very few within the Protein Data Bank. Using an improved pi-helix definition algorithm to search a
Lipid deposition in Kupffer cells after parenteral fat nutrition in rats: a biochemical and ultrastructural study
OBJECTIVE: To study fat metabolism and evaluate lipid deposition in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells during parenteral nutrition (PN) with or without fat. DESIGN: 20 male Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into four groups, were investigated. Rats fed orally were used as a reference group and compared to three groups of rats receiving PN either without fat or with 33% of non-protein energy as fat or with 6
Hydroxyl radical consumption following photolysis of vapor-phase hydrogen peroxide at 266 nm: Implications for photofragmentation laser-induced fluorescence measurements of hydrogen peroxide
The decay of OH concentration following photolysis of room-temperature vapor-phase hydrogen peroxide is studied as a function of photolysis fluence at 266 nm in an open air environment. The rate of decay is found to increase with increasing photolysis fluence, i.e., with increasing number of photodissociated H2O2(g) molecules. Single-exponential functions approximate the OH concentration decay rat
Imprinted polymers - Tailor-made mimics of antibodies and receptors
The technique of molecular imprinting allows the formation of specific recognition sites in synthetic polymers through the use of templates or imprint molecules. These recognition sites mimic the binding sites of antibodies and other biological receptor molecules. Molecularly imprinted polymers can therefore be used in applications relying on specific molecular binding events. The stability, ease
Quantification of protein adducts of hexahydrophthalic anhydride and methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride in human plasma
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) and methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (MHHPA) are two highly allergenic compounds used in the chemical industry. A method was developed for quantification of protein adducts of HHPA and MHHPA in human plasma. The plasma was dialysed and the anhydrides were hydrolysed from the proteins at mild acidic conditions. The released hexahydrophthalic acid (HHP acid) and m
Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among adult dyspeptic patients in Ethiopia
In developing countries such as Ethiopia, where chronic gastritis and peptic-ulcer disease are the most common endoscopic findings, it is important to study the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastroduodenal diseases. Both invasive and non-invasive diagnostic methods were therefore used to investigate 300, consecutive, adult patients with dyspepsia, from the gastrointestinal
Comparison of supercritical carbon dioxide and ethyl acetate extraction of alkylresorcinols from wheat and rye
In this study, the application of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of alkylresorcinols (AR) was quantitatively and qualitatively compared to a commonly used ethyl acetate extraction procedure. No difference in total AR content, relative homolog composition or total extract yield was found between the two extraction methods. Ethyl acetate extraction of intact wheat and rye kernels yielded on
A nucleophilic substitution reaction performed in different types of self-assembly structures
A nucleophilic substitution reaction between 4-tert-butylbenzyl bromide and potassium iodide has been performed in oil-in-water microemulsions based on various C12Em surfactants, i.e., dodecyl ethoxylate with m number of oxyethylene units. The reaction kinetics was compared with the kinetics of reactions performed in other self-assembly structures based on very similar surfactants and in homogeneo
Note: Optimal Policies for Serial Inventory Systems under Fill Rate Constraints
A continuous review serial production/distribution system with discrete compound Poisson demand for the end product is considered. Unmet demand is back-ordered. Production/transportation times are constant. All deliveries from one stage to the next must be multiples of given batch sizes. The problem of minimizing the holding costs under a fill rate constraint is considered. Using recent results by
58Ni: An Unpaired Band Crossing at New Heights of Angular Momentum for Rotating Nuclei
High-spin states in Ni-58 have been investigated by means of the fusion-evaporation reaction Si-28(S-32,2p)Ni-58 at 130 MeV beam energy. Discrete-energy levels are observed in Ni-58 at record-breaking 42 MeV excitation energy and angular momenta in excess of 30h. The states form regular rotational bands with unprecedented high rotational frequencies. A comparison with configuration dependent crank
Bias and temperature dependence of the escape processes in quantum dots-in-a-well infrared photodetectors
The performance of quantum dots-in-a-well infrared photodetectors (DWELL IPs) has been studied by means of interband and intersubband photocurrent measurements as well as dark current measurements. Using interband photocurrent measurements, substantial escape of electrons from lower lying states in the DWELL structure at large biases was revealed. Furthermore, a significant variation in the escape
Molecular imaging with endogenous substances
Dynamic nuclear polarization has enabled hyperpolarization of nuclei such as C-13 and N-15 in endogenous substances. The resulting high nuclear polarization makes it possible to perform subsecond C-13 MRI. By using the dynamic nuclear polarization hyperpolarization technique, 10% polarization was obtained in an aqueous solution of 100 mM C-13-labeled urea, ready for injection. The in vivo T, relax