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The study of molecular dynamics involves observations of the motion of nuclei and electrons. While nuclear motion is usually on the picosecond or femtosecond timescale, attosecond precision is necessary to directly observe the motion of electrons. Ultrashort laser pulses have become established as a viable tool for probing femtosecond dynamics by irradiating the target for only extremely short tim

What can we learn by transmitting electrical currents through electrodes in the ground? Geophysical methods can help us to locate the bedrock, valuable mineral ores, remains of ancient buildings and many other secrets hiding below the surface. However, it is not only the universal interest for the unknown that drives the geophysical research forward. Knowledge of, for example, fractured bedrock, c

Whilst many studies have been performed to investigate the spectral induced polarization (SIP) response of Non-aqueous Phase Liquid (NAPL) contaminated soil samples there are still many uncertainties in the interpretation of the data. A key issue is that altered pore space geometries due to the presence of a NAPL phase will change the measured IP spectra. However, without any information on the NA

The article focuses on a current trend in office design: Activity Based Work (ABW). This is an office solution that instead of providing employees with designated places, it provides them with a variety of spaces in the office that offer different functionalities. A case study is presented of the ongoing effort of a multinational technology company in the software industry to implement ABW at a lo

Body-fat distribution is a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular health consequences. We analyzed the association of body-fat distribution, assessed by waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index, with 228,985 predicted coding and splice site variants available on exome arrays in up to 344,369 individuals from five major ancestries (discovery) and 132,177 European-ancestry individuals (valida

Background: In the DETO2X-AMI trial (Determination of the Role of Oxygen in Suspected Acute Myocardial Infarction), we compared supplemental oxygen with ambient air in normoxemic patients presenting with suspected myocardial infarction and found no significant survival benefit at 1 year. However, important secondary end points were not yet available. We now report the prespecified secondary end po

We present the result of bat winter censuses in three old mines in southern Sweden from 1980 until present (2017). The Taberg and Kleva mines, each with about 1.5 km of accessible passages, have winter populations of 517 and 132 bats, respectively (maximum counts) belonging to six species, the highest numbers known in underground sites in Sweden. Ädelfors is less extensive and has fewer individual

In the chiral limit, the D = 6 contribution to the Operator Product Expansion (OPE) of the VV −AA correlator of quark currents only depends on two vacuum condensates, which can be related to hadronic matrix elements associated to CP violation in non-leptonic kaon decays. We use those relations to determine 〈(ππ) I=2 |Q 8 |K〉, using the updated ALEPH spectral functions. Alternatively, we use tho

Coming to appropriately appreciate the meaning of algebraic signs is an important aspect in introductory kinematics. However, in this educational context, the “disciplinary relevant aspects“ of algebraic signs across vector and scalar representations are extremely difficult to discern. Our study explores the “relevance structure“ that one-dimensional kinematics problems evoked for introductory lev

Cloud computing has become a compelling paradigm built on compute and storage virtualization technologies. The current virtualization solution in the Cloud widely relies on hypervisor-based technologies. Given the recent booming of the container ecosystem, the container-based virtualization starts receiving more attention for being a promising alternative. Although the container technologies are g

Safe drinking water is delivered to the consumer through kilometres of pipes. These pipes are lined with biofilm, which is thought to affect water quality by releasing bacteria into the drinking water. This study describes the number of cells released from this biofilm, their cellular characteristics, and their identity as they shaped a drinking water microbiome. Installation of ultrafiltration (

We consider steady three-dimensional gravity–capillary water waves with vorticity propagating on water of finite depth. We prove a variational principle for doubly periodic waves with relative velocities given by Beltrami vector fields, under general assumptions on the wave profile.

This work reports on a study of chemical kinetic modelling of ammonia/hydrogen/air ignition, premixed flame propagation and NO emission. A survey of chemical mechanisms available in the literature was first conducted, and the performance of 10 mechanisms was analysed in terms of the prediction of shock tube ignition delay times, laminar flame speeds and NO x concentrations for NH 3 /air and NH

The fresh re-keying scheme is a countermeasure designed to protect low-cost devices against side-channel attacks. In this paper, we present a new birthday-type attack based on a refined reduction to RING-LPN with a reducible polynomial. Compared with the previous research, our algorithm significantly reduces the time complexity in the 128-bit leakage model—with an SNR equal to 8.21 and at most 2

Stringent phosphorus discharge standards (i.e. 0.15–0.3 g P.m −3 ) in the Baltic area will compel wastewater treatment practice to augment enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) with chemical precipitation using metal salts. This study examines control of iron chemical dosing for phosphorus removal under dynamic loading conditions to optimize operational aspects of a membrane biological r