At FSE 2004 two new stream ciphers VMPC and RC4A have been proposed. VMPC is a generalisation of the stream cipher RC4, whereas RC4A is an attempt to increase the security of RC4 by introducing an additional permuter in the design. This paper is the first work presenting attacks on VMPC and MA. We propose two linear distinguishing attacks, one on VMPC of complexity 2(54), and one on RC4A of comple

The behavior of antioxidants in emulsions is influenced by several factors such as pH and emulsifier type. This study aimed to evaluate the interaction between selected food emulsifiers, phenolic compounds, iron, and pH and their effect on the oxidative stability of n-3 polyunsaturated lipids in a 10% oil-in-water emulsion. The emulsifiers tested were Tween 80 and Citrem, and the phenolic compound

Two anionic fluorene-thiophene alternating copolymers, poly[9,9-bis(4-sulfonylbutoxyphenyl)fluorene-2,7-diyl-2,5-thienylene] (PBS-PFT) and poly [9,9-bis(4-sulfonylbutoxyphenyl)fluorene-2,7-diyl-2,2'-bithiophene-5,5'- diyl] (PBS-PF2T), have been synthesized and their solution behaviors in water studied by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence, and electrical conductivity and compared with th

The present study was devoted to investigate the effects of the metabotropic glutamate receptor(mGluR)5 antagonist [(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)ethynyl]pyridine (MTEP) and the mGluR1 antagonist, (3-ethyl-2-methyl-quinolin-6-yl)-(4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-methanone methanesulfonate (EMQMCM), in animal studies indicative of antiparkinsonian-like activity such as haloperidol-induced catalepsy, hypoactivit

In the Swedish Hernia Register 2834 inguinal hernia repairs in 2583 patients were registered in the county of Uppsala 1998-2004. In May 2005 the 2421 patients still alive were requested by mail to fill in a validated questionnaire concerning postherniorrhaphy pain. The final response rate became 72%. Altogether 519 patients (29%) stated that they had pain in the operated groin to some extent durin

For the last four decades there has been sustained scientific interest in contemporary environmental change in the Sahel (the southern fringe of the Sahara). It suffered several devastating droughts and famines between the late 1960s and early 1990s. Speculation about the climatology of these droughts is unresolved, as is speculation about the effects of land clearance on rainfall and about land d

Transduced deoxyribonucleoside kinases (dNK) can be used to kill recipient cells in combination with nucleoside prodrugs. The Drosophila melanogaster multisubstrate dNK (Dm-dNK) displays a superior turnover rate and has a great plasticity regarding its substrates. We used directed evolution to create Dm-dNK mutants with increased specificity for several nucleoside analogs (NAs) used as anticancer

Adsorption of 10 PCB congeners in aqueous solutions on glass-fibre filters taken from different boxes but of the same type were not significantly different. The standard deviations using filters from the same box were below 10% at concentration levels of 4.1 ng L-1. At this level, the adsorption of dissolved PCB at the filters was in the range of 5-20%. depending oil the congener. This led to a pr

Although technological change is a hallmark of health care worldwide, relatively little evidence exists on whether changes in health care differ across the very different health care systems of developed countries. We present new comparative evidence on heart attack care in seventeen countries showing that technological change—changes in medical treatments that affect the quality and cost of care—

Six patients with Parkinson's disease were followed for 10 to 72 months after human embryonic mesencephalic tissue from four to seven donors was grafted unilaterally into the putamen (4 patients) or putamen plus caudate (2 patients). After 8 to 12 months, positron emission tomography showed a 68% increase of 6-L-[18F]-fluorodopa uptake in the grafted putamen, no change in the grafted caudate, and

The clinical picture with its pathological correlate was analysed in 16 patients fulfilling consensus criteria for dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The cases were part of a larger cohort (n = 200) of patients within a prospective longitudinal study of dementing disorders. Six cases exhibited not only Lewy bodies (LBs) but also other brain pathologies such as Alzheimer changes, multiple infarcts or

Capsule endoscopy (CE) has greatly facilitated the diagnosis of small-bowel lesions in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding [1]. It was recently reported by Hollerbach et al. [2] that endoscopically assisted video capsule endoscopy facilitates the investigation of the small bowel in patients with functional gastric outlet obstruction. Swallowing difficulties, which are not uncommon in e

When mice are injected with dexamethasone, cortical thymocytes are deleted through programmed cell death (PCD). We have used this in vivo model system to investigate the kinetics of PCD and cell proliferation in relation to polyamine metabolism for 16 h after injection of dexamethasone. As a marker for PCD, we used the appearance of a sub-G(1)peak in the DNA histogram. When a sub-G(1)peak appeared

The influence of incubation time and Fenton reagent concentrations was investigated on the oxidation of 2'-deoxyguanosine. The compounds identified and quantified, through use of an LC-MS/MS system, were 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and 8,5'- cyclo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8,5'cyclodG) and the secondary oxidation products guanidinohydantoin and dehydro-guanidinohydantoin. 8-oxodG and 8,

Intracapsular hip pressure was measured before surgery in 17 patients (18 hips) with coxarthrosis. The results were correlated to pain as registered on a visual analog scale. With the hip in extension, the pressure was 49.5 mmHg (SD, 40.2); in 45 degrees of flexion, it was 21.3 mmHg (SD, 14.6); in extension and inward rotation, it was 105.7 mmHg (SD, 76.0); and in extension and outward rotation, i

We argue that critical management studies (CMS) should be conceptualized as a profoundly performative project. The central task of CMS should be to actively and pragmatically intervene in specific debates about management and encourage progressive forms of management. This involves CMS becoming affirmative, caring, pragmatic, potential focused, and normative. To do this, we suggest a range of tact

To investigate the role of apoM in high density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism and atherogenesis, we generated human apoM transgenic (apoM-Tg) and apoM-deficient ( apoM(-/-)) mice. Plasma apoM was predominantly associated with 10-12-nm alpha-migrating HDL particles. Human apoM overexpression (11-fold) increased plasma cholesterol concentration by 13-22%, whereas apoM deficiency decreased it by 17-21

The objective of this study was to isolate fibrotic cells from human lung biopsies taken from different central pulmonary locations. A comparison was made of cell morphology, proteoglycan- and protein-expression in mesenchymal cell cultures obtained from human bronchial biopsies from patients with asthmatic-like disorders. We isolated viable cells from 10 out of the 12 biopsies. The fibroblast-lik

The picture superiority effect, i.e. better memory for pictures than for corresponding words, has been variously ascribed to a conceptual or a perceptual processing advantage. The present study aimed to disentangle perceptual and conceptual contributions. Pictures and words were tested for recognition in both their original formats and translated into participants´ second language. Multinomial Pro