Capsaicinoids are bioactive alkaloids produced by the chili pepper fruit and are known to be the most potent agonists of the human pain receptor TRPV1 (Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily V Member 1). They are currently produced by extraction from chili pepper fruit or by chemical synthesis. Transfer of the biosynthetic route to a microbial host could enable more efficient capsai

I de nordiska länderna finns ett antal förvaltningsorgan som på olika sätt är knutna till parlamenten. Hit hör exempelvis Folketingets Ombudsmand(Danmark), Statens revisionsverk (Finland), Ríkisendurskoðun(Riksrevisionen, Island), Stortingets kontrollutvalg for etterretnings-,overvåkings- og sikkerhetstjeneste, EOS-utvalget (Norge) och Valprövningsnämnden (Sverige). Sådana organ kan ses som en avvIn a Western European system based on a traditional separation of powers, public administration is as a rule organised under the Government (or Cabinet), as part of the Executive. In addition to this kind of state authorities, the Nordic countries feature a number of administrative bodies attached to the Parliaments. This category includes Parliamentary Ombudsmen, National Banks, and National Audi

Objectives: To determine the general contextual effect of the department in the variation of Cesarean section in Colombia in 2016, and their individual and contextual related factors.Methods: Cross-sectional study based on a birth cohort. We used the birth certificate database from January 1 to December 31, 2016. Three multilevel logistic models were constructed. Pregnant women were set at the fir

Studies on animal colour vision typically focus on the chromatic aspect of colour, which is related to the spectral distribution, and disregard the achromatic aspect, which is related to the intensity (“brightness”) of a stimulus. Although the chromatic component of vision is often most reliable for object recognition because it is fairly context independent, the achromatic component may provide a

The interaction of protein S with membranes and subsequent combination with complement C4b-binding protein (C4BP) was studied. Protein S interacted with phospholipid vesicles in a calcium-dependent manner typical of other vitamin K-dependent proteins. Association of C4BP with protein S showed no apparent selectivity for membrane-bound or solution phase protein S. When bound to the membrane, the pr

The article takes its point of departure in a contemporary Scandinavian literary debate regarding the function and possible societal impact of climate-oriented poetry and prose. Against the ecocentric, anti-modernist and anti-formalist tenets dominating this debate, Friis and Thomsen want to examine how the formal aspects of literary texts might be relevant for ecocritical work. Through critical d

The purpose of this study is to apply Hambrick and Finkelstein's (1987) framework of managerial discretion to the field of capital budgeting techniques (CBT). This study uses a qualitative method based on semi-structured interviews with 12 CFOs in Swedish high-growth small and medium-sized (SMEs) firms. The findings indicate that the choice of CBTs is largely enabled by individual forces and mainl

Aortic aneurysms are rare manifestations in children with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) with life threating implications. Although an association between TSC, aortic and other aneurysms has been recognized, mechanistic insights explaining the pathophysiology behind aneurysm development and genetic aberrations in TSC have so far been lacking. Here, we summarize existing knowledge on aneurysms in

Objective:To assess cardiovascular effects of in-utero HIV and antiretroviral treatment (ART) exposure on offspring of HIV-positive mothers in Ethiopia.Design:HIV-positive and HIV-negative pregnancies were identified from a prospective cohort of women recruited at their first antenatal care visit in Ethiopia, using a nested case-control design.Methods:Fetal standard ultrasound and echocardiography

This paper analyzes strategies that can be successfully pursued to implement measures to reduce car traffic in what has traditionally been a very car-centric planning praxis. Analytically, the paper use path dependency theory to provide an understanding of why certain types of measure are not implemented in cities on as widespread a basis as policy objectives may require, and to understand how tra

The authors of these two teaching activities share tools and strategies for supporting equitable dialogue for classrooms discussing feminist ideas. In Part One of this Original Teaching Activity, we described how feminist vocabulary lists helped our students begin class from a place of equity with a shared set of terms and concepts.

Biomaterials represent a potential means for the construction industry to reduce its negative ecological impact. These materials require substantially different approaches from conventional construction materials to maximise their potential. In this paper we have outlined four principles of biological design that we argue are central for the successful implementation of a new construction paradigm

In this paper we consider the experience of implementing the Smart Specialisation Strategy (S3) in three regions in Finland, Norway and Denmark. We highlight the challenges each of these ‘strong innovator’ regions has faced in implementing S3. We elucidate the fact that each region faced different challenges when implementing S3. We extend a discussion around place-based policy, which is designed

Many studies demonstrate an intergenerational transmission of divorce (ITD). Most research is, however, limited to modern periods (i.e., more recent decades) and little is known about whether this relationship is deeply rooted or whether it has changed over time. Explanations, including sociodemographic and interpersonal factors, have been offered as links between parental divorce and offspring’s