Aims: To investigate the effects of inoculation strategy and cultivation approach on the performance of microbial fuel cell (MFC). Methods and Results: A dual-chamber sediment fuel cell was set up fed with glucose under batch condition. At day 30, the supernatant consortium was partly transferred and used as inoculum for the evaluation of cultivation approach. Power output gradually increased to 9

Resistance to the anticoagulant action of activated protein C, APC resistance, is a highly prevalent risk factor for venous thrombosis among individuals of Caucasian origin. In most cases, APC resistance is associated with a single missense mutation in the gene for coagulation factor V (FVLeiden), which predicts the replacement of Arg506 with a Gln at one of the cleavage sites for APC in factor V.

A brief introduction to high throughput technologies for measuring and analyzing gene expression is given. Various supervised and unsupervised data mining methods for analyzing the produced high-dimensional data are discussed. The main emphasis is on supervised machine learning methods for classification and prediction of tumor gene expression profiles. Furthermore, methods to rank the genes accor

There are accelerating trends for the implementation of electronic commerce(e-commerce) as an extra marketing channel for selling products globally via the access of the Internet. This is expected to in¯uence the shape of future cities and the conservation of natural resources. This paper critically reviews the current research work to date regarding the environmental implications of e-commerce. T

Aims: We investigated whether polymorph isms in candidate genes involved in lipid metabolism and type 2 diabetes are related to liver I, at content. Methods: Liver fat content was measured using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-1-MRS) in 302 Finns, in whom single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4). acliponectin receptors 1 and 2 (ADIP

The effect of adaptation time on the concentration and pattern of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) formed in the hindgut of rats given resistant starch (RS) in the form of raw potato starch (RPS) or high-amylose maize starch (HAS) was evaluated. Each starchy material was tested in diets containing 100 g indigestible carbohydrates/kg DM, and fed for 13, 28 and 42 d. At the end of each period, the con

The adsorption of oxalate and malonate at the water-geothite interface was studied as a function of pH and total ligand concentrations by means of quantitative adsorption measurements and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The obtained results conclusively showed that oxalate and malonate both form outer-sphere and inner-sphere surface complexes on goethite, and

Thirty-nine streptococcal strains belonging to groups A, C, and G and 12 staphylococcal strains were investigated with respect to surface charge and hydrophobicity. Isoelectric points of the bacteria were determined by cross-partition experiments in dextran-polyethylene glycol two-phase systems containing charged polymers. The results obtained indicate that group A, C, and G streptococci have isoe

Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical, vulvar, and vaginal cancers, precancerous dysplasia, and genital warts. We report data for the longest efficacy evaluation to date of a prophylactic HPV vaccine. In total, 552 women (16-23 years) were enrolled in a randomised, placebo-controlled study of a quadrivalent HPV 6/11/16/18L1 virus-like-particle vaccine with vaccination at months 0, 2, and 6. A

Autumn migration routes and orientation of Swedish Ospreys Pandion haliaetus were studied by satellite tracking of 18 birds. Of these. 13 could be followed during the entire migration (6 females, 5 males and 2 juveniles). Most birds migrated across western and central Europe to winter in tropical West Africa. However, one juvenile flew to Cameroon and one Female used a very easterly route and reac

This paper presents a study of 1/f/sup 2/ phase noise in quadrature oscillators built by connecting two differential LC-tank oscillators in a parallel fashion. The analysis clearly demonstrates the necessity of adopting a time-variant theory of phase noise, where a more simplistic, time-invariant approach fails to explain numerical simulation results even at the qualitative level. Two topologies o

The building of a railway tunnel through the Hallandsas ridge in the southwest of Sweden resulted in sinking groundwater levels and a toxic spill for the local community. As a result, this highly technological project expanded from the addressing of technological and economic issues of rail traffic and tunnel building to include issues of environmental harm and how to assess and manage the geology

AIMS: The anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmatic autoantibody-associated vasculitides (AASV) are diseases of relapsing-remitting inflammation. Here we explore the cytokine profile in different phases of disease, looking for pathogenic clues of possible prognostic value. Results: Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and IL-10 were significantly elevated in plasma. Patients in the stable phase who subsequently develop