Filetype
Vitamin D (25OHD) is essential for maintaining calcium homeostasis and inadequate levels have been associated with negative musculoskeletal as well as extraskeletal effects. Individuals at especially high risk of developing hypovitaminosis D are the elderly. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the association between 25OHD insufficiency (25OHD <50 nmol/L) and fractures, frailty and mortality
While the introduction of antiretroviral therapy has led to significant improvements in the survival of children living with HIV, several factors hamper its ultimate success in resource-limited settings. These factors include lack of proper management of the child’s treatment and follow-ups due to the existing fragile health and social systems and psychosocial and economic strains of family caregi
Jade har haft en central plads i den kinesiske verdensforståelse i årtusinder. For mange er jade nærmest synonymt med Kina. I ingen andre civilisationer har jade haft så bredspektret og historisk vedvarende brug og betydning som i Kina, og få materialer har fascineret kinesere i samme grad som jade.
Typological features can be expected to exhibit the same diachronic development multiple times during the history of a language family, exhibiting what is known variously as recurrence, homoplasy, or drift. This paper seeks to quantify the areal signal shown by recurrent mor- phosyntactic changes across the Indo-European language family. We use 108 morphosyntactic feature variants taken from the DThis article investigates the evolutionary and spatial dynamics of typological characters in 117 Indo-European languages. We partition types of change (i.e., gain or loss) for each variant according to whether they bring about a simplification in morphosyntactic patterns that must be learned, whether they are neutral (i.e., neither simplifying nor introducing complexity) or whether they introduce
Fires in the Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) areas is a worldwide problem, which is gaining more importance over time due to climate change and constructions in the WUI areas. Standards and guidelines may greatly help the activities of planning, prevention and protection against wildfires. Some countries/States/local communities can already rely on existing standards and guidelines, while other are
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) is an essential enzyme in the synthesis of serotonin, dopamine, and certain trace amines and is present in a variety of organs including the brain and spinal cord. It is previously reported that in mammalian spinal cord AADC cells (called D-cells) were largely confined to a region around the central canal and that they do not produce monoamines. To date,
The chapter looks at language variation and change, and the relation of these processes to language reconstruction and classification. The chapter gives an overview of theories, models, methods, and data, describing how diversity and variation is modelled and measured for reconstruction and classification within traditional, comparative and statistical, evolutionary, or phylogenetic methods. First
In spite of the success of traditional sampled-data theory in computer control it has some disadvantages particularly for distributed, asynchronous, and multi-rate system. Event based sampling is an alternative which is explored in this paper. A simple example illustrates the differences between periodic and event based sampling. The architecture of a general structure for event based control is p
Centrum för kommunstrategiska studier (CKS) har i två decennier verkat som ett centrum för forskning och samverkan vid Linköpings universitet. CKS bedriver forskning med målet att fördjupa strategiskt relevant kunskap för en långsiktigt hållbar samhällsutveckling. Det gör vi genom akademiska fora och genom samverkan med kommuner och regioner. Genom det långsiktiga stödet från Linköpings universiteThe municipalities of Sweden are in motion. Some are growing strongly, while others shrink. The population's composition changes. The municipalities are becoming more different, which raises questions about structure and self-government. Climate and sustainability issues will be more central and how should the municipalities be governed in order to meet future demands for financial stability,democ
Do Chinese cities compete for investments with lax environmental law enforcement? The here presented study suggests that this is true for some municipalities but not all of them. Based on data for 126 key environmental protection cities and regional economic hubs between 2010 and 2012 we show that economic decentralization and political centralization both shape spatial patterns of compliance with
Beskrivningen, (gr ekfrasis, lat descriptio) är den tolfte av de fjorton övningarna i de retoriska övningarna progymnasmata. Beskrivningen är en mycket avancerad övning och den kommer därför sent i övningsserien. I denna övning vädjar talaren till åhörarnas fem sinnen: syn, hörsel, lukt, smak och känsel. Syftet är att för åhöraren ”tydligt bringa det åskådliggjorda för ögonen”. Den stildygd som ef
The Sösdala find with its exquisite horse equipment is spectacular and testifies to the prominent role of the horse in Iron Age society. Although the remains of the horses themselves are absent, information about the animal's physical characteristics can be found in related finds from elsewhere in Scandinavia. It is possible to infer that the horses do not seem to have expressed much phenotypic va
Rhetoric is a teaching tradition. The rhetorical exercises in the progymnasmata are the main method in which rhetoric has been taught throughout history. These exercises are organized according to difficulty, the material covered, the rhetorical genre, the canons of rhetoric and the disposition of the speech. The main organizing principle is however the topoi for inventing the speech or text in eaRhetoric is a teaching tradition. The rhetorical exercises in the progymnasmata are the main method in which rhetoric has been taught throughout history. These exercises are organized according to difficulty, the material covered, the rhetorical genre, the canons of rhetoric and the disposition of the speech. The main organizing principle is however the topoi for inventing the speech or text in ea
Women are generally seen as less inclined to join trade unions. This study matches firm–worker data from the Swedish cigar and printing industries around 1900 and examines information on men and women holding the same jobs; such data are rare but important for understanding gender gaps. The results explain the gender gap in union membership among compositors, but not among cigar workers. Differenc
Det har skett en markant ökning av medellivslängden för personer med intellektuell funktions-nedsättning under de senaste decennierna och allt fler uppnår pensionsåldern och hög ålder. Ökningen är ett direkt resultat av medicinska och sociala framsteg. Samtidigt är det en grupp som har svårigheter att uttrycka sina behov och där forskning visat att deras åldrande ter sig annorlunda än för befolkni
