Quinoline-3-carboxamides are currently in clinical development for treatment of both autoimmune disease and cancer. Carboxamides such as ABR-215757 (5757) have shown efficacy in several in vivo mouse models of human inflammatory autoimmune disease. Some microbial infections in mice cause GM-CSF dependent accumulation of dendritic cells expressing TNFα and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; Tip

Glutamate is loaded into synaptic vesicles by vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs), and alterations in the transporters expression directly regulate neurotransmitter release. We investigated changes in VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 protein levels after ischemic and excitotoxic insults. The results show that VGLUT2 is cleaved by calpains after excitotoxic stimulation of hippocampal neurons with glutamate,

AimClimate change is currently altering the geographical distribution of species, but how this process contributes to biogeographical variation in ecological traits is unknown. Range-shifting species are predicted to encounter and respond to new selective regimes during their expansion phase, but also carry historical adaptations to their ancestral range. We sought to identify how historical and n

Recently, molecular motor gliding assays with actin and myosin from muscle have been realized on semiconductor nanowires coated with Al2O3. This opens for unique nanotechnological applications and novel fundamental studies of actomyosin motor function. Here, we provide a comparison of myosin-driven actin filament motility on Al2O3 to both nitrocellulose and trimethylchlorosilane derivatized surfac

A light-storage experiment with a total (storage and retrieval) efficiency eta = 56% is carried out by enclosing a sample, with a single-pass absorption of 10%, in an impedance-matched cavity. The experiment is carried out using the atomic frequency comb (AFC) technique in a praseodymium-doped crystal (0: 05% Pr3+: Y2SiO5) and the cavity is created by depositing reflection coatings directly onto t

Background. The long-term effect of sustained virologic response (SVR) to antiviral therapy on the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver complications, liver-related death, and overall death in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients with liver cirrhosis is not fully known. Methods. These risks were evaluated during long-term follow-up in 351 patients with HCV-related cirrhosi

The modified phonon dispersion is of importance for understanding the origin of the reduced heat conductivity in nanowires. We have measured the phonon dispersion for 50 nm diameter InSb (111) nanowires using time-resolved X-ray diffraction. By comparing the sound speed of the bulk (3880 m/s) and that of a classical thin rod (3600 m/s) to our measurement (2880 m/s), we conclude that the origin of

Neuroblastomais a childhood tumour of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system. The pathogenesis has for a long time been quite enigmatic, as only very few gene defects were identified in this often lethal tumour(1). Frequently detected gene alterations are limited to MYCN amplification (20%) and ALK activations (7%)(2-5). Here we present a whole-genome sequence analysis of 87 neuroblastoma of al

Synaptosomes (isolated nerve terminals) have been studied for more than 40 years. The preparation allows aspects of transmitter metabolism and release to be studied ex vivo from specific brain regions of animals of any age. Conditions can be devised to enable the terminals to fire spontaneous action potentials, allowing the presynaptic control of glutamate exocytosis to be studied. Recent developm

Objectives: The objective of this study was to define metabolic normality and to investigate the cardiometabolic profile of metabolically normal obese. Design: Cross-sectional study conducted at 21 research centers in Europe. Subjects: Normal body weight (nbw, n = 382) and overweight or obese (ow/ob, n = 185) subjects free from metabolic syndrome and with normal glucose tolerance, were selected am

This review covers the recent literature on the geography of sustainability transitions and takes stock with achieved theoretical and empirical insights. The review synthesises and reflects upon insights of relevance for sustainability transitions following from analyses of the importance of place specificity and the geography of inter-organisational relations. It is found that these contributions

Neurodegenerative dementia, most frequently represented by Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), is often accompanied by altered sleeping patterns and excessive daytime sleepiness. Studies showing an association between the neuropeptide orexin and AD/DLB-related processes such as amyloid-β (Aβ)1-42 plaque formation, α-synuclein accumulation, and inflammation indicate that o

Background: A central theme in media psychology is how certain contemporary and dominant views may tend to perpetuate themselves by presenting a recurring picture we humans use to form our knowledge about the world. The present study is based on 1.5 million words from articles published online in the Swedish daily newspapers in 2010. We investigated which words were most (un-)common in articles co

Although several molecular pathways have been linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D) pathogenesis, it is uncertain which pathway has the most implication on the disease. Changes in the expression of an entire pathway might be more important for disease pathogenesis than changes in the expression of individual genes. To identify the molecular alterations in T2D, DNA microarrays of human pancreatic islets

Compounds with benzochromene and fluorene structures are common in nature and society, and they can have potentially useful biological activities. In this paper, conditions for the selective preparation of either a benzochromene or a fluorene from the same starting material are described. The procedure uses a reagent-controlled cyclization-demethylation to give the benzochromene, or an intramolecu

We report on the discovery of a generic piezoelectric field in strained core-shell compound semiconductor nanowires. We present the lattice-mismatch induced strain in epitaxial core-shell nanowires and show that it gives, very generally, rise to an internal piezoelectric field along the axis of the nanowire. This field results predominantly from atomic displacements in polar bonds and microscopic

The objective of the present study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of vernakalant hydrochloride injection (RSD1235), a novel antiarrhythmic drug, for the conversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) or atrial flutter to sinus rhythm (SR) Patients with either AF or atrial flutter were randomized in a 11 ratio to receive vernakalant (n = 138) or placebo (n = 138) and were stratified by an arrhy