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In analyses of strategy-proof voting, two results feature prominently: the dictatorial characterization contained in the Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem and the voting by committees characterization in the Barbera-Sonnenschein-Zhou theorem. The two theorems are based on voting procedures defined on the domain of strict preferences. In the present study, we derive corresponding results for voting sch
Resolved NMR spectra from samples in inhomogeneous B-0 and B-1 fields can be obtained with the so-called "ex situ" methodology, employing a train of composite or adiabatic z-rotation RF pulses to periodically refocus the inhomogeneous broadening during the detection of the time-domain signal. Earlier schemes relied on a linear correlation between the inhomogeneous B0 and B, fields. Here the pulse
Endothelin is a vasoactive peptide that exerts its effect through two receptors; the endothelin type A (ETA) and type B (ETB) receptor. The contractile ETA receptor is localized on smooth muscle cells in the vascular wall, while the ETB receptors are mainly situated on endothelial cells, mediating vasodilatation. The endothelin system is involved in several pathophysiological conditions, such as a
Recent work indicates that cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) plays an important role in extracellular matrix assembly and matrix-matrix protein interactions. In order to identify the proteins in extracellular matrix that interact with COMP, we used an ELISA-based solid-phase binding assay, which revealed a specific, high-affinity interaction between COMP and fibronectin. This interaction
Five new for science lichen species from the family Teloschistaceae (namely Xanthoria. digitata S. Kondratyuk, X hafellneri S. Kondratyuk & Karnefelt; X tibelii S. Kondratyuk & Karnefelt, X weberi S. Kondratyuk & Karnefelt, and X wetmori S. Kondratyuk & Karnefelt) are described.
Two important features of the global economy in the last few decades have been the increasing degree of regional economic integration and the increasing volatility of real exchange rates. Due to the EU membership and the single European currency, issues related to regional economic integration and exchange rate changes hold prominence on the business and political agenda in Sweden. This dissertat
An aminoglycoside in combination with a beta-lactam antibiotic is often recommended for the treatment of severe infections. The aim of the present study was to study whether cefuroxime-induced endotoxin release could be reduced by addition of tobramycin in different Gram-negative bacteria and how endotoxin release was affected by bacterial killing rate and number of killed bacteria. Three Escheric
Popular Abstract in Swedish I kopplingsanalys, eller i en något mera generell mening vid genletning, så söker man efter sjukdomsgener längs ett genom. Här kan man tolka ett genom som en mängd av hela, eller bitar av, olika kromosomer. Med avseende på en mängd sammanhängande flergenerationella släkter så observerar man då, längs genomets kromosombitar, markördata, dvs genotyper bestående av nedärvdIn linkage analysis or, in a wider sense, gene mapping one searches for disease loci along a genome. This is done by observing so called marker genotypes (alleles) and phenotypes (affecteds/unaffecteds) of a pedigree set, i.e. a set of multigenerational families, in order to locate the loci corresponding to the underlying disease genes or, at least, to narrow down the interesting genome regions. I
During the early 1990s, a novel style of programming often referred to as component-oriented programming quickly grew popular as the state-of-the-art in graphical user interface and client/server development on Windows-based personal computers, largely in competition with object-oriented programming, a partly similar, partly different programming paradigm, with which component-orientation is often
Ecosystems along the 0degreesC mean annual isotherm are arguably among the most sensitive to changing climate and mires in these regions emit significant amounts of the important greenhouse gas methane (CH4) to the atmosphere. These CH4 emissions are intimately related to temperature and hydrology, and alterations in permafrost coverage, which affect both of those, could have dramatic impacts on t
In October 1992, severe dilatation of the right atrium was detected in a 35 week foetus. The septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve seemed to be displaced distally causing massive tricuspid regurgitation. The diagnosis of Ebstein's anomaly was made and confirmed after birth. Refractory right heart failure occurred at the age of 10 months and the little girl was operated. At surgery, the right atriu
Several receptors activated by extracellular nucleotides (ATP, ADP, UTP and UDP) have recently been cloned. These P2 receptors mediate a multitude of cardiovascular effects such as positive inotropic effects in the heart, platelet aggregation, release of endothelial factors, growth stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cells, vasomotor effects and blood pressure regulation. The physiological and p
Objectives: With the introduction of sildenafil citrate (VIAGRA (TM)), the concept of phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibition has gained tremendous interest in the field of urology. Cyclic nucleotide second messengers cGMP and cAMP have been assumed to be involved in the control of the normal function of the prostate. The aim of the present study was to evaluate by means of immunohistochemistry the exp
Several studies have used artificial neural networks (NNs) to estimate local or regional recipitation/rainfall on the basis of relationships with coarse-resolution atmospheric variables. None of these experiments satisfactorily reproduced temporal intermittency and variability in rainfall. We attempt to improve performance by using two approaches: (1) couple two NNs in series, the first to determi
Transplantation of embryonic human neural tissue can restore dopamine neurotransmission and improve neurological function in patients with Parkinson's disease. Logistical and ethical factors limit the availability of human embryonic allogeneic tissue. Embryonic xenogeneic neural tissue from porcine donors is an alternative form of donor tissue, but effective immunomodulatory techniques are warrant
Popular Abstract in Swedish Modelleringsarbetet utvecklat i denna avhandling, kan delas in i två huvudområden: självantändning i ottomotorer, samt förbränning och emissioner i dieselmotorer. En första version av ett motorsimuleringsprogram med detaljerad kemisk kinetik, utökad för att innefatta full-cykel beräkningar, användes för att visa den starka påverkan som kväveoxider i restgaser har på sjThe modeling work developed in this thesis can be divided in two main areas of investigations: autoignition related to spark ignition engine and combustion and emissions formation in relation to diesel engines. A first version of a detailed kinetics engine simulation program, extended to handle full cycle calculations, was employed in order to demonstrate the strong effect that nitric oxide from
Background and aims: In the elderly, balance and walking impairments are assumed to play an important role in causing falls. We have assessed prospectively the predictive ability of health, function and balance variables regarding falls and their location. Methods: Falls which occurred during one year in a random sample of 307 women aged 75 years and over (mean 80.8 years, response rate 74.5%) liv
