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"Such Trivial Matters:" How staff account for restrictions of residents' influence in nursing homes

National policies emphasize older people's right to autonomy, yet nursing home residents often have restricted opportunities to make decisions about everyday matters. We use qualitative interview data to analyze staff members' explanations of actions that conflict with both social norms and national policies. Two types of problematic actions are discussed: restrictions of elderly residents' influe

Hereditary thrombophilia and fetal loss: a prospective follow-up study

Background: As the placental vessels are dependent on the normal balance of procoagulant and anticoagulant mechanisms, inherited thrombophilia may be associated with fetal loss. Objectives: We performed a prospective study to investigate the relation between inherited thrombophilia and fetal loss, and the influence of thromboprophylaxis on pregnancy outcome. Patients and methods: Women were enroll

Detection and delineation of an unusual 17p11.2 deletion by array-CGH and refinement of the Smith-Magenis syndrome minimum deletion to similar to 650 kb

Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a multiple congenital anomaly/mental retardation syndrome and it is characterized by an interstitial deletion of chromosome 17p11.2. SMS patients have a distinct phenotype which is believed to be caused by haploinsufficiency of one or more genes in the associated deleted region. Five non-deletion patients with classical phenotypic features of SMS have been reported

Occupational exposure to NDMA and NMor in the European rubber industry

Many nitrosamines are suspected of being human carcinogens, with the highest concentrations in the environment being measured in the rubber industry. Time trends of personal exposure to N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and to N-nitrosomorpholine (NMor) during the past two decades in the German rubber industry were analysed and compared with cross-sectional studies in the same period in the Netherland

Leukocyte recruitment in hepatic injury: selectin-mediated leukocyte rolling is a prerequisite for CD18-dependent firm adhesion.

Background/Aims: This study was designed to examine the role of selectins and CD18 in leukocyte recruitment in hepatic injury induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and galactosamine (Gal) in vivo.Methods: Intravital fluorescence microscopy of the hepatic microcirculation was used to quantify leukocyte-endothelium interactions provoked by 24 h of systemic TNF-alpha/Gal challenge in rat

Asymmetric competition and the evolution of propagule size

1 In an asexually reproducing plant (Potamogeton pectinatus L.) the competitive advantage of a larger propagule over a smaller one was determined by a single parameter (alpha, the competitive asymmetry coefficient), independent of sowing density or average propagule size. Competitive advantage was determined by the relative size difference between propagules instead of their absolute difference. 2

New directions of miniaturization within the biomarker research area

An overview of the current trends within protein expression profiling is given where multidimensional separation of both gel and liquid phase techniques linked to mass spectrometry is viewed as a major route in the global proteome mapping. A clear trend in these biochemical developments is the effort to sequence and identify low-abundant protein expressions where assay miniaturization and integrat

Avian colour vision: Effects of variation in receptor sensitivity and noise data on model predictions as compared to behavioural results.

Colour vision models require measurement of receptor noise and the absorbance of visual pigments, oil droplets, and ocular media. We have studied how variation in these parameters influences colour matching, spectral sensitivity, and colour discrimination predictions in four bird species. While colour match predictions are sensitive to variation in visual pigment and oil droplet absorbance data, d

Computer controlled microwave system for clinical hyperthermia

A hyperthermia system which has been developed for clinical use is described. Different direct-contact applicators working at the ISM microwave frequency of 915 MHz are used for inducing heat in superficial tumours to a depth of about 3 cm. The system is a further development of an earlier prototype which worked at 2450 MHz. The microwave generator is controlled by a microcomputer governed by temp

Measurement of cortical and hippocampal epileptiform activity in freely moving rats by means of implantable radiotelemetry

Implanted radiotelemetry has been used for the measurement of cortical electroencephalogram (EEG), locomotor activity, body temperature and cardiovascular parameters. This technique allows high quality data acquisition from freely moving animals with no complications of externalised apparatus. This paper focuses on the methodology for short and long-term monitoring of epileptiform activity by simu

Variation in protein composition of wheat flour and its relationship to dough mixing behaviour

Changes in extractability, amount and size distribution of polymeric proteins in the gluten of doughs during mixing were investigated. Ultracentrifugation was used as a non-destructive method to separate the gluten from the dough. Doughs prepared from commercial flour mixtures of different gluten strengths and mixed for varying periods, were analysed. Proteins were detected using RP- and SE-HPLC.

Changes in levels of factor VII and protein S after acute myocardial infarction: effects of low-dose warfarin

Persistent coagulation activity after an acute myocardial infarction may increase the risk of reinfarction. We prospectively investigated the effects on plasma coagulation of a low, fixed dose of warfarin in combination with aspirin after myocardial infarction. We also evaluated the influence of coagulation activity on clinical outcome. Plasma samples from 97 patients, randomised to 1.25 mg of war

Chronic ethanol exposure enhances activating protein-1 transcriptional activity in human neuroblastoma cells

This study demonstrates a method for studying the effects of ethanol on transcription mediated by activating protein-1 (AP-1). The effects of ethanol on AP-1 activity and on the signaling cascades in this process were investigated by using a reporter gene technique with secreted alkaline phosphatase as the reporter gene coupled to nine DNA AP-1-binding elements. Long-term ethanol exposure (48-72 h

Cold Fermionic Atoms in Two-Dimensional Traps: Pairing versus Hund's Rule

The microscopic properties of few interacting cold fermionic atoms confined in a two-dimensional (2D) harmonic trap are studied by numerical diagonalization. For repulsive interactions, a strong shell structure dominates, with Hund's rule acting at its extreme for the midshell configurations. In the attractive case, odd-even oscillations due to pairing occur simultaneously with deformations in the

Long-term effects of mammography screening: updated overview of the Swedish randomised trials

Background There has been much debate about the value of screening mammography. Here we update the overview of the Swedish randomised controlled trials on mammography screening up to and including 1996. The Kopparberg part of the Two-County trial was not available for the overview, but the continuation of the Malmo trial (MMST II) has been added. The article also contains basic data from the trial

Effect of repetition rate on the formation of microtears in tendon in an in vivo cyclical loading model

We reported previously the formation of microtears in an in vivo loaded Flexor Digitorum Profundus (FDP) rabbit tendon with a repetition rate of 60 repetitions per minute and a peak force of 15% of maximum peak tetanic force for 80 cumulative hours. Tear area as a percent of tendon area, tear density (tears/mm(2)), and mean tear size (mu m(2)) were higher in tendons from the loaded limb compared t

Interleukin-3 supports expansion of long-term multilineage repopulating activity after multiple stem cell divisions in vitro

Although long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) can self-renew and expand extensively in vivo, most efforts at expanding HSC in vitro have proved unsuccessful and have frequently resulted in compromised rather than improved HSC grafts. This has triggered the search for the optimal combination of cytokines for HSC expansion. Through such studies, c-kit ligand (KL), flt3 ligand (FL),