Do Political Parties in Western Europe Listen to Their Voters?
Political parties in Western Europe are more responsive to voters than you might think. Across seven key political issues, Ibenskas and Polk found that parties adjust their positions to better match public opinion. Using data from the Chapel Hill Expert Surveys, European Social Survey, and the European Election Study, the study reveals that parties listen to both their core supporters and the broa
https://www.svet.lu.se/en/article/do-political-parties-western-europe-listen-their-voters - 2025-11-30
