Rarely does the death of animals cause conflict between governments. However, the killing of some animals, such as seals, wolves, and other exotic wildlife, can cause heated conflict over whether the act of killing is itself justifiable.This paper provides an overview of a recent disagreement along these lines – between the EU and Sweden over the management of wolves. It juxtaposes the recent poli

Classical fitting-attitude analyses understand value in terms of its being fitting, or more generally, there being a reason to favour the bearer of value. Recently such analyses have been interpreted as referring to two reason-notions rather than to only one. The idea is that the properties of the object provide reason not only for a certain kind of favouring(s) vis-à-vis the object, but the very

Aims/hypothesis High-energy breakfast and reduced-energy dinner (Bdiet) significantly reduces postprandial glycaemia in obese non-diabetic individuals. Our objective was to test whether this meal schedule reduces postprandial hyperglycaemia (PPHG) in patients with type 2 diabetes by enhancing incretin and insulin levels when compared with high-energy dinner and reduced-energy breakfast (Ddiet). Me

Earlier studies have indicated that the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) is not only associated with BMI and weight but also with appetite and dietary intake.

We have investigated the shear-induced ordering of multilamellar vesicles (onions) in a nonionic surfactant (C12E4) system using a small-angle light scattering (shear-SALS) and a small-angle X-ray scattering (shear-SAXS) technique. In a narrow shear rate-temperature space, the onions form a two-dimensional (2D) hexagonally close-packed structure that shows characteristic hexagonal scattering patte

The Fisher Effect (FE) is of fundamental importance in financial markets. The majority of previous studies have not managed to obtain the expected one-for-one reaction of the nominal interest rate to the inflation rate. The aim of this article is to reinvestigate the FE for the USA and the UK using a case-wise bootstrap approach developed by Hatemi-J and Hacker (2005). This method is robust to non

Protein is a soft material with inherently large structural disorder. Consequently, the bulk spectroscopies of photosynthetic pigment protein complexes provide averaged information where many details are lost. Here we report spectroscopy of single light-harvesting complexes where fluorescence excitation and detection polarizations are both independently rotated. Two samples of peripheral antenna (

A novel linear parameterization for the variable flip angle method for longitudinal relaxation time T1 quantification from spoiled steady state MRI is derived from the half angle tangent transform, t, of the flip angle. Plotting the signal S at coordinates x=St and y=S/t, respectively, establishes a line that renders signal amplitude and relaxation term separately as y-intercept and slope. This re

Objective: The acceptable noise level (ANL) test is used for quantification of the amount of background noise subjects accept when listening to speech. This study investigates Danish hearing-aid users' ANL performance using Danish and non-semantic speech signals, the repeatability of ANL, and the association between ANL and outcome of the international outcome inventory for hearing aids (IOI-HA).

Objective We describe disease activity, damage, and the accrual of key autoantibodies in an inception systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) cohort. Methods. The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) International Research Network, comprising 27 centers from 11 countries, has followed an inception cohort of SLE patients yearly according to a standardized protocol. Of these patient

γ-tubulin is an important cell division regulator that arranges microtubule assembly and mitotic spindle formation. Cytosolic γ-tubulin nucleates α- and β-tubulin in a growing microtubule by forming the ring-shaped protein complex γTuRC. Nuclear γ-tubulin also regulates S-phase progression by moderating the activities of E2Fs. The mechanism that regulates localization of γ-tubulin is currently unk

This study describes a method to obtain a certain humidity level by a certain drying treatment. This treatment was applied on cement based materials in order to identify the critical moisture level above which ion transport can occur. The drying is performed in two steps, first in one direction to reach a certain moisture level and then in the opposite direction to identify if ions can move at thi

Abstract Objective. Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells produce IL-6 upon stimulation with inflammation promoters, but the signaling pathways involved have not been characterized. This study investigates underlying mechanisms behind regulation of PDL cell IL-6 production by E. coli and P. gingivalis LPS. Materials and methods: Human PDL cells, endothelial cells and monocytes were stimulated with E. c

Executive and attention dysfunctions are common in very preterm children. We studied their involuntary attention process by using behavioral measurements and auditory event-related potentials (AERP) with a distraction paradigm at age five years. The active task was to distinguish between two animal sounds. As an irrelevant feature the sounds were presented from frequent (standard) or infrequent (d

Many proteins contain intrinsically disordered regions, which may be crucial for function, but on the other hand be related to the pathogenicity of variants. Prediction programs have been developed to detect disordered regions from sequences and used to predict the consequences of variants, although their performance for this task has not been assessed. We tested the performance of protein disorde