Filetype
Background: The accelerating global ageing phenomenon has given rise to a growing concern regarding cognitive decline in older adults. Research shows that spouse health is closely linked to individual well-being, as the physical and emotional health of one partner significantly affects the other. Although the connection between spousal health and older adults’ cognitive function has been recognize
Introduction: Assessing work capacity and determining appropriate sick leave is a complex process. Despite the importance of fair and consistent assessments, evidence suggests that evaluations may vary. However, previous studies have been inconclusive and have mainly focused on whether sick leave should be recommended or not. The present study examined the medical reliability and consistency of ph
In this paper, we show that the set of torsion elements of a topological group admitting a branch pro-p quotient has Haar measure zero.
Using newly digitised colonial medical time-series data, this study makes a first attempt to provide an overview of the development of Western healthcare in Northern Rhodesia. The data is used to elaborate on the extent of the Christian missionary medical outreach to the African populace and the involvement of the African medical workers in establishing and expanding the Western healthcare system
Purpose: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is commonly used in cardiac diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI). However, the tissue's microstructure (cells, membranes, etc.) restricts the movement of the water molecules, making the spin displacements deviate from Gaussian behavior. This effect may be observed with diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) using sufficiently high b-values ((Formula present
Whether or not to allow socialisation between parents and children in out-of-home care presents a difficult ethical challenge for those social work professionals who need to make an assessment about what to do. In this as well as in other contexts, it is widely assumed that the principle of the best interest of the child (BIC) is both the legal and moral standard for decision-making for children.
Proton-translocating NAD(P)+ transhydrogenase (NNT) is highly expressed in cardiac tissue, where it physiologically supports mitochondrial NADPH production. However, under certain pathological conditions, NNT may shift toward consuming the mitochondrial NADPH pool. Although NNT has been implicated in redox homeostasis, its contribution to cardiac function during aging remains uncertain. In this st
Background: Medial plica is a structure with limited understanding of its pathology, but it may be related to the development of medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). We examined the association between medial plica and medial meniscus extrusion (MME), progression of MME, and the risk of early-stage knee OA development in middle-aged persons. Methods: A total of 340 subjects with tibiofemoral Kellgren–
This paper explores the role of guanxi in facilitating innovation within the Chinese construction sector. Guanxi, denoting the network of trust-based relationships, is deeply rooted in Chinese culture and orchestrates innovation activities. As the construction sector shifts toward bio-based building materials, understanding how guanxi influences innovation activities becomes crucial for the sector
Objective: To describe the frequency and types of incidental findings on prostate MRI in a screening setting. Materials and methods: Prostate MRI reports from 2020 to 2024 for men aged 50–56 years were collected from three regional organised prostate cancer testing (OPT) programmes in Sweden. Incidental findings were categorised as suspicious for extra-prostatic malignancy, otherwise likely clinic
The Neotropical butterfly genus Adelpha Hübner exhibits remarkable species diversity and striking convergence in wing colour patterns potentially explained by mimicry, making it an exceptional model for exploring trait evolution and its relationship with speciation. To date, unresolved phylogenetic relationships hinder a comprehensive understanding of the evolutionary biology of the genus. Using a
Background: Over recent decades, school choice (the process by which parents select a school of their choosing for the child/children) has become a key component of education policy pursued in many countries, and a critical decision for many parents. While global scholarship has broadened understanding of how families engage with and experience school choice, less is known about how this choice op
This paper examines the distributive effects of personal income taxation in Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States during the first half of the twentieth century. We estimate the evolution of marginal and average effective tax rates across the income distribution and calculate the corresponding indices of progressivity and redistribution. Our results show that redistribution through inc
Marine copepods are the most abundant multicellular zooplankton in the global oceans. They imprint their surrounding waters with a unique bouquet of chemical compounds, including polar lipids such as copepodamides. Prey organisms can detect copepodamides and respond by inducing defensive traits including bioluminescence, toxin production, changes in colony size, and structural modifications. This
Humans are extremely efficient in learning concepts and in forming new concepts. However, some conceptual systems are more efficient than others. One of the central tasks for conceptual engineering is to construct systems that fulfil some criteria of optimality. I argue that the methods of Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning are not sufficient. This chapter instead proposes that conceptu
This paper analyzes Nahdlatul Ulama’s (NU) involvement in Indonesia's 2024 Presidential Election, focusing on the convergence of ideological and pragmatic motives. The study examines how different factions within NU align with various presidential candidates, driven by both the desire to protect Aswaja values and the need to maintain relevance in the political sphere. Using qualitative methods by
Understanding three Dimensional (3D) fundamental processes is crucial for academic and industrial applications. Nowadays, X-ray time-resolved tomography, or tomoscopy, is a leading technique for in situ and operando 4D (3D+time) characterization. Despite its ability to achieve 1000 tomograms per second at large-scale X-ray facilities, its applicability is limited by the centrifugal forces exerted
We present a genome assembly from a female specimen of Podarcis melisellensis (Dalmatian wall lizard; Chordata; Lepidosauria; Squamata; Lacertidae). The assembly contains two haplotypes with total lengths of 1,574.91 megabases and 1,437.04 megabases. Most of haplotype 1 (94.94%) is scaffolded into 20 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the W and Z sex chromosomes, while most of haplotype 2 (97.
This introduction to the Special Issue explores the ways in which a gendered analysis illuminates histories of segregation. It argues three key points. First, it is essential to understand segregation from an intersectional perspective, one that fully integrates gender alongside other factors and dynamics in order to fully understand the differences and similarities in segregation between differen
