Search results

Filter

Filetype

Your search for "*" yielded 528167 hits

Smoking habits in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. A case control study.

In a case-control study there were significantly fewer smokers among patients with ulcerative colitis both at disease onset and at interview, the relative risk compared with non-smokers being 0.33 and 0.12, respectively. Among female patients with Crohn's disease there were significantly more smokers, the relative risk being 2.70 and 2.33, respectively. Of the ex-smokers with ulcerative colitis, t

Effects of water activity on reaction rates and equilibrium positions in enzymatic esterifications

A technique of continuous water activity control was used to examine the effects of water activity on enzyme catalysis in organic media. Esterification catalyzed by Rhizopus arrhizus lipase was preferably carried out at a water activity of 0.33, which resulted in both maximal initial reaction rate and a high yield. When Pseudomonas lipase was used as catalyst it was beneficial to start the reactio

A potentiometric enzyme electrode for monitoring in organic solvents

A potentiometric enzyme electrode is described for monitoring reactions in organic solvents. By use of an enzyme deposited on magnetic particles which are attracted to the tip of the electrode by means of a magnetic field, it is possible to produce an electrode in which the enzyme can easily be exchanged. As an example, studies of the chymotrypsin-catalyzed ester synthesis in diisopropyl ether and

The Green New Deal: From Annual Crops to Perennial Agriculture

In the 1920s, drought and unregulated policies created the Dust Bowl in the US Midwest. In the early1930s, rains failed in this notoriously drought prone region resulting in crop failures and soil erosion at an unprecedented scale. Hundreds of thousands of people starved and by 1940, around 2.5 million people had left the area. However, the swift and forceful New Deal response to the Dust Bowl sti

Proton elastic form factor ratios to Q^2 = 1.5 GeV^2 by polarization transfer

This paper was published online on 20 May 2005 without several of the authors’ corrections incorporated. Equation (13) has been replaced. The captions of Figs. 16–18 have also been replaced. Typographical errors on pages 4, 6, 14, 15, 18, 19, 22, and 24 have all been corrected. The paper has been corrected as of 8 June 2005. The text is correct in the printed version of the journal.

Synthetic polymers as solubilizing vehicles for enzymes in water-poor media

A recent method for exposing enzymes to organic solvents is reviewed. By complex formation between the enzyme and polymers that per se are soluble in organic solvents it is possible to disperse the enzyme in the organic medium in such a way that an optically transparent (in the visible region) solution is obtained. After reaction, the separation of the enzyme from the organic medium can be obtaine

Continuous control of water activity during biocatalysis in organic media

This paper describes a newly developed technique to adjust and control the water activity in enzymatic reactions in organic media. A saturated salt solution of known water activity is circulated inside a silicone tube, submerged into the reaction medium. The circulating solution can both absorb and release water. Water activity control during lipase catalyzed esterification was demonstrated with d

The evolution of thinking : Cognitive semiotics in between deep history and the history of mentalities

What makes human beings, and their way of thinking, unique in the biosphere of the earth is not just the biological-genetic evolution of human cognitive capacities, but also the interaction in historical time with the environment, the socio-cultural Lifeworld, and particularly human semiotic skills; that is, the ability to learn from other thinking beings, and to transfer experiences, knowledge, m