Macrophages are a functionally heterogeneous group of immune cells abundant in atherosclerotic plaques. Macrophages expressing CD163 are associated with intraplaque hemorrhage and have previously been considered atheroprotective. However, in a recent study CD163-deficient atherosclerotic ApoE−/− mice exhibited smaller and less complex plaques, suggesting a proatherogenic role of CD163. Previous sm

Aim: Head injury is the most common trauma occurring in syncope. We aimed to assess whether syncope as cause of head-trauma affects short-and long-term prognosis. Methods: From a database retrospective analysis of 97,014 individuals attending Emergency Department (ED), we selected data of patients with traumatic head injury including age, gender, injury mechanism, brain imaging, multiple traumas,

This thesis deals with the modelling of atoms and ions. In heavy systems, where the effect of the nuclear size must be considered, a fully relativistic treatment based on the Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian is needed. Chapter two of the thesis provides an introduction to the basic principles of the fully relativistic multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock (MCDHF) method, which is a variational approach f

Unfair work distribution is common in project-based learning with teams of students. One contributing factor is that students are differently skilled developers. To mitigate the differences in a course with group work, we introduced mandatory programming lab sessions. The intervention did not affect the work distribution, showing that more is needed to balance the workload. Contrary to our goal, t

Osiurak and Reynaud do not explain the evolutionary emergence and development of the elephant in the room, that is, technical cognition. We first argue that there is a tight correlation between the evolution of cumulative technological culture (CTC) and the evolution of reasoning about abstract forces. Second, intentional teaching plays a greater role in CTC evolution than acknowledged in the targ

Dementia is a decline in cognitive function that impairs a person's previous level of social and occupational function. Dementia is a very common medical condition that can result from diverse causes. Dementias are classified based on common clinical, genetic, and neuropathological features. The most common cause of dementia is Alzheimer's disease. Other major classes of disorders that cause demen

Studies of processing of the Alzheimer β-amyloid precursor protein (βAPP) have been performed to date mostly in continuous cell lines and indicate the existence of two principal metabolic pathways: the 'β- secretase' pathway, which generates β-amyloid (Aβ(1-40/42); ~4 kDa), and the 'α-secretase' pathway, which generates a smaller fragment, the 'p3' peptide (Aβ(17-40/42); ~3 kDa). To determine whet

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is characterized by cerebral accumulation of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ), which are proteolytically derived from β-amyloid precursor protein (βAPP). βAPP metabolism is highly regulated via various signal transduction systems, e.g., several serine/threonine kinases and phosphatases. Several growth factors known to act via receptor tyrosine kinases also have been demonstrated to

This article presents a study of transmission through arrays of periodic sub-wavelength apertures. Fundamental limitations for this phenomenon are formulated as a sum rule, relating the transmission coefficient over a bandwidth to the static polarizability. The sum rule is rigorously derived for arbitrary periodic apertures in thin screens. By this sum rule we establish a physical bound on the tra

Purpose: This paper aims to show how continued failure for tourism to address its global impacts is likely to imply the end of tourism as we know it. Design/methodology/approach: This paper is an opinion piece that discusses tourism out of the global situation in spring 2019. Findings: Tourism is about to undermine its own future, largely as a failure of UNWTO and ICAO to address environmental cha