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Amazonian ecosystems range from rainforest to open dryland vegetation, with a following decrease in biomass along the moisture gradient. Biomass can vary greatly at the ecological transition zone between grass dominated savannahs and the forest. It is not well understood if the transition zone could expand under climate change, and thereby reduce ecosystem stability and carbon storage in biomass.

Urothelial bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in developed countries. It has one of the highest recurrence rates among solid tumors, resulting in regular treatment and follow-up, making it one of the most expensive cancers to treat, and a significant public health burden. Derangement of metabolic factors such as body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), glucose, triglycerides

Importance: Osteoarthritis is a prevalent, debilitating, and costly chronic disease for which recommended first-line treatment is underused.Objective: To compare the effect of an internet-based treatment for knee osteoarthritis vs routine self-management (ie, usual care).Design, Setting, and Participants: This randomized clinical trial was conducted from October 2018 to March 2020. Participants in

Aims: The aim of the present study was to explore patients' experiences of diabetes self-management and views on a digital lifestyle intervention using self-affirmation to motivate lifestyle changes.Methods: Semi-structured interviews focusing on needs, attitudes, and barriers to diabetes self-management were conducted with 22 individuals with type 2 diabetes recruited from the All New Diabetics i

Objectives: To investigate early and long-term outcomes after treatment of carotid artery stenosis in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to patients without T2D. Design/method: This observational nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study investigated all T2D patients treated for carotid stenosis registered in the National Swedish Vascular Surgery and the National Diabetes Re

For the realization of graphene-based electronic and optic devices, the functionalization of this material becomes essential. Graphene doping through intercalation and tuning the chemical potential is one among other promising concepts. Intercalation of germanium is particularly interesting in view of its ambipolar doping behavior. Both p- and n-type doped graphene and their doping levels were ide

Background: Mortality after elective pancreatic surgery in modern high-volume centers is very low. Morbidity remains high, affecting 20–40% of patients. Late postpancreatectomy hemorrhage is a rare but potentially lethal complication. The exceptionality in our case lies in the underlying mechanism of its clinical presentation. It is a demonstration of the difficulties associated with finding the s

Background and aim: Generic drugs contain the same active ingredients as brand- name drugs, with the advantage of much lower costs. The aim of this thesis was to contribute new knowledge to the ongoing debate on the safety of generic antiseizure drug (ASD) substitutions. There was a particular emphasis on the pharmacokinetic and clinical outcomes.Methods: In papers I and II, a prospective naturali

Background: Effort rupture of the esophagus or Boerhaave’s syndrome is a rare entity, and prognosis is largely dependent on early diagnosis and treatment. Recurrent effort ruptures are very rare, only reported in a few case reports in English literature. We present a case with a third time effort rupture, and to the best of our knowledge there are no such previous publications. Furthermore, the pr

A novel method to enhance the heat transfer on the internal tip surface of gas turbine blades was developed. Effects of delta-winglet vortex generators (DWVG) and their angle of attack on the vortical structures and mechanism of enhanced heat transfer were investigated. Seven different angles of attack were considered: 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90°. The Reynolds number varies from 10,000 to

An extensive and reliable electricity grid is essential for all sectors of society. In parts of Sweden, the electricity grid has been suffering from a lack of capacity. This is something affecting all sectors and all people in these regions. The capacity problems have however so far mainly been analyzed in a technical system perspective, focusing on incumbent actors, whereas other actors have beenAn extensive and reliable electricity grid is essential for all sectors of society. In parts of Sweden, the electricity grid has been suffering from a lack of capacity. This is something affecting all sectors and all people in these regions. The capacity problems have however so far mainly been analyzed in a technical system perspective, focusing on incumbent actors, whereas other actors have been

Introduction: Synaptic dysfunction and degeneration is one of the earliest events in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the best correlate of cognitive decline. Thus, identification and validation of biomarkers reflecting synaptic degeneration to be used as prognostic biomarkers are greatly needed.Method: Solid-phase extraction and parallel reaction monitoring mass spectrometry were used to quantify 17

Aims: This article discusses the situation of the social medicine specialty in Skåne, southern Sweden with the aim of understanding the long-term trends of this medical specialty in Skåne and its relation to research in social medicine. Results: In the 1950s to 1980s, there was a balance between clinical and preventive practice, and research. This balance was maintained in the 1980s to early 2000s

Phosphorus induced eutrophication of freshwaters is one of the great global challenges. As the critical threshold concentration for eutrophication is very low, there is a strong need for development of phosphate sorbents with high affinity and selectivity. Single sheet iron oxide (SSI), a nanomaterial prepared from oxidation and exfoliation of layered iron(II)-iron(III) hydroxide (green rust), is

Poverty in Contemporary Economic Thought aims to describe and critically examine how economic thought deals with poverty, including its causes, consequences, reduction and abolition. This edited volume traces the ideas of key writers and schools of modern economic thought across a significant period, ranging from Friedrich Hayek and Keynes to latter-day economists like Amartya Sen and Angus Deaton

Fruit and vegetables are vital components of a healthy diet, and international strategies to encourage their consumption are in place (FAO/WHO, 2005). Ready-to-eat (RTE) leafy green vegetable products have exploded in popularity, and are a convenient and attractive way to add greens to the plate. Unfortunately, sales numbers are accompanied by increasing numbers of food-borne illness outbreaks.Thi

This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book provides presentation of the work of the economists who received the 2019 Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. It deals almost exclusively with poverty within a nation, with the situation of individuals in society. The book explores the perspective to a comparison

Objective Prematurity is a major risk factor for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). We aimed to elucidate ROP prevalence, treatment and retreatment in infants born before 24 gestational age (GA) weeks in a Swedish cohort. Methods and analysis Infants with completed ROP screening, born at <24 GA weeks, 2007-2018 in Sweden were included. Data of GA, birth weight (BW), sex, neonatal morbidities, maxim