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Donor-reactive CD4(+) memory T cells threaten the survival of transplanted organs. In this study, we used anti-CD44 monoclonal antibody (mAb) to inhibit adoptively transferred B6-reactive CD4(+) memory T cells (BALB/c origin) and to induce tolerance of B6 hearts in nude mice. The median survival time (MST) of the grafts was 6 days in the isotype group, and more than 100 days in the group treated w

A new simulation method for nonuniform polymer solutions between planar surfaces at full chemical equilibrium is described. The technique uses a grid of points in a two-dimensional thermodynamic space, labeled by surface area and surface separations. Free energy differences between these points are determined via Bennett's optimized rates method in the canonical ensemble. Subsequently, loci of con

A critical factor in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) is the selection of process temperature, which needs to be a compromise between the optimal temperature for enzymatic hydrolysis and that for fermentation. In the present work, isothermal and nonisothermal SSF was experimentally studied using pretreated spruce and arundo materials at a loading of 10% water insoluble solids,

Global climate change stands out from most environmental problems because it will span generations and force us to think in new ways about intergenerational fairness. It involves the delicate problem of complex coordination between countries on a truly global scale. As long as fossil fuels are too cheap, climate change policy will engage all major economies. The costs are high enough to make effic

Although capacity development has been identified as the means to substantially reduce global disaster losses, it is a challenge for external partners to facilitate the development of sustainable capacities for disaster risk reduction in disaster-prone countries. The purpose of this study is to investigate potential gaps between how leading professionals approach such capacity development and guid

We introduce a wide subclass F(X, w) of quasi-plurisubharmonic functions in a compact Kahler manifold, on which the complex Monge-Ampere operator is well defined and the convergence theorem is valid. We also prove that F(X, w) is a convex cone and includes all quasi-plurisubharmonic functions that are in the Cegrell class.

Background: Patient-reported outcome (PRO) instruments are used in all medical disciplines to evaluate patients with different diseases and also to follow results after treatments such as surgery. Currently there is no generally accepted and fully validated PRO instrument for the foot and ankle. Aims: To translate the New Zealand Ankle Questionnaire into a Swedish version, [the Self-Reported Foot

C3 and C5 convertases are central stages of the complement cascade since they converge the different initiation pathways, augment complement activation by an amplification loop and lead to a common terminal pathway resulting in the formation of the membrane attack complex. Several complement inhibitors attenuate convertase formation and/or accelerate dissociation of convertase complexes. Functiona

In the quest for efficiency improvement in heavy duty truck engines, waste heat recovery could play a valuable role. The evaporative cycle is a waste heat recovery technology aimed at improving efficiency and decreasing emissions. A humid air motor (HAM) uses the waste heat from the exhaust of the engine to humidify the inlet air; this humid air, with higher specific heat, reduces NOx emission to

The very first data from MAX-lab in Lund, Sweden on pion photoproduction at threshold energies are presented. The decrease of the total π+ yield in γ+12C, 27Al reactions below 200 MeV as well as the dσ/dΩ cross-section data essentially follow the predictions of an intranuclear-cascade model with an attractive potential for the pion–nucleus interaction. However, View the MathML source, cross-sectio

Popular Abstract in Swedish DNA i form av kromosomer finns i cellerna och innehåller information som styr flertalet av kroppens funktioner. Människor har vanligtvis 23 par kromosomer, där den ena kromosomen i ett par härstammar från personens mamma och den andra från dess pappa. DNA ser ut som en vriden stege där stegpinnarna består av nukleotidbaspar. I cancerceller kan det finnas bitar av kromIn human cells there are usually two copies of each chromosome, but in cancer cells abnormalities could exist. The differences consist of segments of chromosomes with an altered number of copies. There can be deletions as well as amplifications and the lengths of the segments can also vary. Localising the deviant regions is of great importance for increasing the knowledge of the disease. In this t

A method based on the coupled decay-chain equations for extracting the isotopic and the isomeric composition of a postaccelerated radioactive ion beam is presented and demonstrated on a data set from a Coulomb excitation experiment. This is the first attempt of analyzing the content of a postaccelerated radioactive ion beam using this technique. The beam composition is required for an absolute nor

The high variability of the HIV envelope glycoproteins (Env), and their heavy glycan coating, contributes to the limited host immune control. Still, broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) are found in some chronically infected HIV-infected individuals, which has spurred the research on antibody-based vaccines. An important tool in detecting and studying bnAbs, are neutralization assays. Here we d

Reclamation on bare tailing ponds has the potential to represent soil genesis in Technosols favoring the understanding of the changes of microbial communities and function. In this study we used phytostabilization aided with calcium carbonate and pig slurry/manure to reclaim an acidic bare tailing pond with the aim of investigating the effect of amending and different species on microbial communit