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This thesis is based on six scientific papers providing different methods for coordinated inventory control in supply chains. The main focus is on supply chains in connection with distribution of products to customers. Two different problem areas are considered. One problem area concerns coordination by centralized optimization of local decision rules. It is assumed that the decision system is ce
Popular Abstract in Swedish Den danska riksbildningen presenteras vanligen som en linjär process som knyter ihop forntida hövdingar med den moderna nationalstaten. Avhandlingen fokuserar de små berättelserna bortom den stora berättelsen om Danmark. Avhandlingen argumenterar för att den tidigare forskningen kring den danska riksbildningen kan delas in i tre huvudlinjer: 1. Den danska riksbildningeThe formation of the kingdom of Denmark is generally presented as a linear process linking ancient chiefs to the modern nation state of Denmark. This dissertation focuses on the small stories behind this great narrative of Denmark. The purpose is to show that there never was any formation process. Instead, encounters between people in the local landscapes and the Danish kingdom were both considera
Popular Abstract in Swedish Turismindustrin är numera en av världens absolut största industrier. Den är av central betydelse för ekonomisk utveckling och arbetstillfällen i ett stort antal länder. Det finns dock en baksida: turism leder ofta till exploatering av miljön, och bidrar i många fall till sociala och kulturella problem. Dagens turismindustri är inte förenlig med hållbar utveckling och deTourism has become a leading industry in the world and continues to grow rapidly, contributing essentially to economic growth and employment in many countries. Tourism as it looks today poses serious threats to the environment and considerable social and cultural challenges. The problem addressed by this research lies in the weakness of current concepts and practices in pursuit of sustainable tour
A simple and potentially inexpensive implementation of a high-solids reactor is a single-stage, stratified bed reactor, in which the bed is made up of the plant biomass fed into the system. In the present study, the stratified bed was started up for a period of four weeks by either direct feeding of sugar beet leaves at four different feeding rates, or by introducing a straw bed primer which was b
This thesis consists of two parts with the common theme of statistical modelling in chemistry. The first part is concerned with applications in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, while the second part deals with applications in polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The problems considered in the first part all have their origin in protein NMR spectroscopy, although they are treated mainly
Models for estimating the sulfation of CaO at high temperature are presented. Short-residence-time sulfation is described by a pore size distribution model and long-residence-time sulfation by a particle expansion model. The calculations made agree well with experiments carried out on three different limestones in a TGA, a volumetric reactor and an entrained flow reactor. The pore size distributio
Background: The European Molecular Genetics Quality Network (EMQN) was formed in order to improve external quality assessment for molecular genetic testing in Europe. From 1999 to 2002 it received funding from the European Union under the Standards, Measurement and Testing programme (contract no. SMT4-CT98-7515). Since then, its maintenance has been supported through subscription of the participan
Electron transmission through nanosystems is blocked if there are no states connecting the left and the right reservoir. Electron-electron scattering can lift this blockade, and we show that this feature can be conveniently implemented by considering a transport model based on many-particle states. We discuss typical signatures of this phenomenon, such as the presence of a current signal for a fin
Metabolizing enzymes, which often display genetic polymorphisms, are involved in the activation of compounds present in tobacco smoke that may be relevant to gastric carcinogenesis. We report the results of a study looking at the association between risk of gastric adenocarcinoma and polymorphisms in genes CYP1A1, CYP1A2, EPHX1, and GSTT1. A nested case-control study was carried out within the Eur
Building on the growing body of literature bridging international relations and historical sociology, this article argues that "consolidologists" have something to learn from this field. The discussion's point of departure is contemporary writings on sovereignty, security, and state formation in the African context. In an effort to synthesize insights from international relations and historical so
n this paper, we formulate the multi-pitch estimation problem and propose a number of methods to estimate the set of fundamental frequencies. The methods, which are based on nonlinear least-squares, multiple signal classification (MUSIC) and the Capon principles, have in common the fact that the multiple fundamental frequencies are estimated by means of a one-dimensional search. The statistical pr
Background. Compounds that block uterine oxytocin and vasopressin V1a receptors have a therapeutic potential in preterm labor and primary dysmenorrhoea. The orally active vasopressin V1a receptor antagonist, SR49059, inhibits the effect of vasopressin on human uterine activity in vivo, but the influence on the response to oxytocin is unknown. Methods. In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, parall
Drastic flux reductions are sometimes encountered during ultrafiltration of solutes much smaller than the membrane pores. This usually occurs during ultrafiltration of hydrophobic, low-molecular solutes, such as fatty acids, alcohols and alkanes. The influence of the concentration of a carboxylic acid, octanoic acid, on the flux of a polyethersulphone membrane was studied in this investigation. Th
