Summary: The existing information supports the use of this material as described in this safety assessment. Isobutyl propionate was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data from read-across analog isobutyl acetate (CAS # 110-19-0) show that isobutyl pro

Low-frequency noise measurements were performed on high-performance InGaAs nanowire MOSFETs. 1/f noise measurements show number fluctuations, rather than mobility fluctuations, as the dominant noise source. The minimum equivalent input gate voltage noise reported here is 80 μm2μV2/Hz, among the lowest values for III-V FETs, and showing the feasibility of a high-quality, low trap density, high-k ga

Strategies to determine the removal efficiency of micropollutants in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are widely discussed. Especially the evaluation of the potential benefit of further advanced treatment steps such as an additional tertiary treatment based on ozonation or activated carbon have come into focus. Such evaluation strategies are often based on the removal behavior of known micropol

We have reconstructed the distribution of extraterrestrial chrome spinels in a marine limestone section across the Frasnian–Famennian stratotype section at Coumiac in southern France, providing the first insights on the types of micrometeorites and meteorites that fell on Earth at this time. The data can test whether the small cluster of roughly coeval, large impact structures is related to an ast

The mineralo-sphere is an important micro habitat in terrestrial ecosystems. How different groups of microorganisms colonise mineral surfaces and whether the level of grassland land-use intensity (LUI) modifies this micro-habitat is not well known, however. We exposed mesh containers filled with pristine soil minerals (illite/goethite) mixed with 13C labelled root litter of Dactylis glomerata and

Protandry, the earlier arrival of males at the breeding grounds relative to females, is common in migratory birds. However, due to difficulties in following individual birds on migration, we still lack knowledge about the spatiotemporal origin of protandry during the annual cycle, impeding our understanding of the proximate drivers of this phenomenon. Here, we use full annual cycle tracking data o

We investigate the backscattering of low-power millimeter-wave pulses (wavelets) on the human hand in order to determine the detection limit of scattering features. Using an in-house wavelet radar setup with a nominal spatial resolution of 2.29 cm, we measure a hand in three different postures: a flat hand, a fist, and a hand with raised index finger. For the latter, we are able to resolve backsca

Background: Chronic prurigo (CPG) is a distinct disease characterized by chronic pruritus, history and/or signs of prolonged scratching and multiple pruriginous lesions. It may present with various clinical manifestations, including papules, nodules, plaques or umbilicated lesions. Some patients with chronic pruritus show pruriginous linear and scaring scratch lesions (LSSL) and it is unclear whet

Hox genes are a remarkable example of conservation in animal development and their nested expression along the head-to-tail axis orchestrates embryonic patterning. Early in vertebrate history, two duplications led to the emergence of four Hox clusters (A-D) and redundancy within paralog groups has been partially accommodated with gene losses. Here we conduct an inventory of squamate Hox genes usin

The incidence of stroke and dementia are diverging across the world, rising for those in low- and middle-income countries and falling in those in high-income countries. This suggests that whatever factors cause these trends are potentially modifiable. At the population level, neurological disorders as a group account for the largest proportion of disability-adjusted life years globally (10%). Amon

The number of publications in the field of chemical cross-linking combined with mass spectrometry (XL-MS) to derive constraints for protein three-dimensional structure modeling and to probe protein-protein interactions has increased during the last years. As the technique is now becoming routine for in vitro and in vivo applications in proteomics and structural biology there is a pressing need to

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) has highly abrasive microstructure due to carbon fiber reinforcement and requires the use of tool materials with good resistance to abrasive wear. The paper presents a study of tool wear in drilling operation. Drill bits with uncoated and diamond coated cemented carbide and polycrystalline diamond were tested in drilling PAN-based CFRP samples. Registered thr

Widespread increases in iron (Fe) concentrations are contributing to ongoing browning of northern freshwaters, but the driver/s behind the trends are not known. Fe mobilization in soils is known to be controlled by redox conditions, pH, and DOC availability for complexation. Moreover, high sulfate concentrations have been suggested to constrain Fe in transition from soil to water, and declining su

Current trends in diffusion NMR and MRI methods development are reviewed. While great efforts are still directed towards further improving the spectral, spatial, and relaxation rate resolution of basic diffusion measurements, recent improvements in magnetic field gradient technology on whole-body scanners have enabled an exciting line of research involving MRI implementations of advanced diffusion

In a rapidly digitalizing world, the increasing importance of online information channels is repeatedly stated. But little is known about the procedure of online information search. This study examines the process of booking a journey via digital devices. It is based on a multi-method approach including interview and experiment. Results show that tourists’ online searching behaviour is less ration

In order to provide a reliable evacuation design assessment, data showing the variation in pre-movement time is of vital importance. The pre-movement time is in many cases regarded as the main time period during an evacuation assessment. Therefore, forty unannounced evacuation experiments for six different occupancies were analysed to quantify pre-movement time during building evacuation, i.e., th