Search results

In this paper, we perform a choice experiment assessing the impact of stay-at-home policies on individual welfare. We estimate the willingness to accept compensation (WTA) for restricting non-working hours in Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic. The WTA for a one-month stay-at-home policy is about US$480 per person, or 9.1 percent of Sweden's monthly per capita GDP. Stricter lockdowns require disp

Since antibiotic resistance is often associated with a fitness cost, bacteria employ multi-layered regulatory mechanisms to ensure that expression of resistance factors is restricted to times of antibiotic challenge. In Bacillus subtilis, the chromosomally-encoded ABCF ATPase VmlR confers resistance to pleuromutilin, lincosamide and type A streptogramin translation inhibitors. Here we show that vm

The phenology of many species shows strong sensitivity to climate change; however, with few large scale intra-specific studies it is unclear how such sensitivity varies over a species’ range. We document large intra-specific variation in phenological sensitivity to temperature using laying date information from 67 populations of two co-familial European songbirds, the great tit (Parus major) and b

Synthesis of diketopiperazines has been of long-standing interest in both natural product synthesis and medicinal chemistry. Here, we present an operationally convenient and efficient approach to the fused indoline-diketopiperazine tricyclic core of glionitrin A/B and related structures using a Pd-catalyzed C-H activation reaction to form the indoline five-membered ring. Exploratory work aimed at

The ripeness of fruits is commonly assessed by the visual appearance, but this method is not very accurate and there can be a large variability. We have developed a hand-held sensor based on laser-induced fluorescence to provide more objective guidance. The instrument incorporates a 412 nm continuous wave semiconductor laser and a miniature spectrometer. It was used for monitoring of tropical frui

The performance and reliability of wireless communications at sea are often limited by the deep fades caused by the coherent sea surface reflection. In this paper, we show that by employing multiple antennas at the base station, the deep fades can be mitigated within a large communication range if the antennas are carefully spaced in the vertical direction. We derive a bound for the range where mi

Nonstructural protein 1 (Nsp1) of SARS-CoV-2 inhibits host cell translation through an interaction between its C-terminal domain and the 40S ribosome. The N-terminal domain (NTD) of Nsp1 is a target of recurring deletions, some of which are associated with altered COVID-19 disease progression. Here, we characterize the efficiency of translational inhibition by clinically observed Nsp1 deletion var

The Origenist controversy at the end of the fourth century was largely played out within a monastic context, and had, moreover, an immediate and extensive impact on the movement. In spite of this, studies of the controversy and its causes have mainly focused on the dogmatic issues foregrounded in the controversy, neglecting the more fundamental issues about why the legacy of Origen was important,

The human host defense peptide LL-37 has an essential role in the first line of defense against invading pathogens. This cathelicidin is mainly produced by immune cells and epithelial cells aligning the mucosal areas and is normally upregulated upon infection and inflammation. LL-37 displays direct antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogens, but also modulates the immune responses by ac

Residual stresses in metal additive manufactured components are a well-known problem. It causes distortion of the samples when removing them from the build plate, as well as acting detrimental with regard to fatigue. The understanding of how residual stresses in a printed sample are affected by process parameters is crucial to allow manufacturers to tune their process parameters, or the design of

We determine the composition dependence of the transverse and longitudinal optical infrared-active phonon modes in rhombohedral α-(AlxGa1-x)2O3 alloys by far-infrared and infrared generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry. Single-crystalline high quality undoped thin-films grown on m-plane oriented α-Al2O3 substrates with x = 0.18, 0.37, and 0.54 were investigated. A single mode behavior is observed

Wine particle matter is mainly constituted by wine colloids and wine macromolecules. These wine colloidal and macromolecular compounds are barely studied, possibly due to the difficulty in facing the challenges that their study merits. These compounds are mainly formed by polyphenols, proteins and polysaccharides that come from the grape seeds, skins and pulp and even, to a lesser extent, from the

The insulator-to-metal transition (IMT) in vanadium dioxide (VO2) can enable a variety of optics applications, including switching and modulation, optical limiting, and tuning of optical resonators. Despite the widespread interest in VO2 for optics, the wavelength-dependent optical properties across its IMT are scattered throughout the literature, are sometimes contradictory, and are not available

(Figure presented.). Six out of seven crystal systems are optically anisotropic and birefringent. We review recent insight that biaxial crystals generally exhibit four singular axes (or exceptional points) which can pairwise degenerate for special cases. Planar anisotropic microcavities are discussed as effectively biaxial systems and we predict exceptional points and demonstrate experimentally pa

Cell-based therapies hold great promise in re-establishing organ function for many diseases, including untreatable lung diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, many hurdles still remain, in part due to our lack of knowledge about the disease-driving mechanisms that may affect the cellular niche and thereby possibly hinder the function of any transplanted cells by imposing th

Wine is an important beverage with a long tradition, and its moderate consumption may be considered beneficial for human health. Although there are many studies regarding phenolic compounds in wines, there is a lack of information about antioxidants and phenolic content in South American wines. In this study, 35 South American red wines from four different countries, vintages 2004–2013, purchased